Profile URL: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12573/2615
Job Title:Doç. Dr.
Email Address:umut.turk@agu.edu.tr
Main Affiliation:03.02. Ekonomi
Status: Current Staff
ORCID:
0000-0002-8440-7048
0000-0002-8440-7048Scopus ID:
57205739936
57205739936YÖK Akademik: C132673C8FDB2A17
Google Scholar:
09asvlUAAAAJ
09asvlUAAAAJWeb of Science ID:
AAE-9223-2021
AAE-9223-2021Name Variants:
Tuerk, Umut Turk, Umut
48 results
Scholarly Output Search Results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 48
Article Citation - WoS: 15Citation - Scopus: 19How Much Does Geography Contribute? Measuring Inequality of Opportunities Using a Bespoke Neighbourhood Approach(Springer Heidelberg, 2019-03-30) Turk, Umut; Osth, JohnTo what extent an individual is successful in a variety of outcomes is the result of multiple factors such as (but not limited to) parental background, level of education, discrimination and business cycles. Factors like these also indicate that the success in life can be attributable to factors that both take individual-level merits into account but also to structural factors such as discrimination and contextual effects. Over the last decades, a growing interest in decomposing and categorising factors that affect the life chances of individuals has led to the formation of inequality of opportunity as a research field. This paper builds upon this growing literature, which amounts to quantify the contribution of factors that lie beyond the control of individuals to the total inequality observed in different spheres of life. Using rich Swedish longitudinal register data, we are able to follow individuals over time and their educational attainment during upbringing and later labour market outcomes. In difference from other inequality of opportunity studies, we make use of an egocentric neighbourhood approach to integrate the socio-economic composition of the parental neighbourhood in an inequality model and illustrate its contribution to the total inequality in both outcomes quantitatively. Using multilevel regression analyses, we show that the parental neighbourhood is highly influential in educational attainment and remains so for market outcomes even years after exposure.Article Citation - WoS: 6Citation - Scopus: 5Inequality in Access to Urban Amenities(Springernature, 2025) Michelangeli, Alessandra; Osth, John; Toger, Marina; Turk, UmutThis paper provides an overview of urban inequality in the Stockholm Metropolitan Area analyzing the spatial distribution of amenities and their accessibility. Inequality in urban amenities is measured by a multidimensional index at a fine geographical scale and it can be decomposed into the sum of inequality indices computed on the marginal distributions of amenities across locations plus a residual term accounting for their joint distribution. Our research leverages a unique dataset that combines income data for approximately 90,000 geocoded individuals residing in the metropolitan area with information from the OpenStreetMap platform, enabling us to examine the distribution of both natural and urban design-related amenities. Furthermore, we integrate data from online platforms to analyze the housing market. Our findings reveal moderate levels of inequality in amenities within the Stockholm Metropolitan Area, with social segregation emerging as the primary driver of this inequality.Article Commuting Flows and Regional Resilience: A Socio-Spatial Analysis of Population Change in Sweden(Springer, 2026) Osth, John; Marjanovic, Ivana; Turk, Umut; Dzunic, Marija; Stanojevic, Marina; Stankovic, JelenaThe interplay between population dynamics, resilience, and commuting patterns forms a critical nexus in regional economic and social development. This study investigates these intersections within the Swedish context, focusing on how spatial connectivity and labor market accessibility shape individual residential mobility and long-term population retention. The study addresses two central research questions: First, to what extent does a municipality's position within the commuting network influence regional resilience as expressed through population retention? Second, how do spatial accessibility conditions contribute to differences in out-migration risks across municipalities? The objective is to analyze resilience not merely as an outcome but as a dynamic interplay between socioeconomic and spatial variables. Using data from the Swedish PLACE database, the study uses a longitudinal panel of individual-level residential, migratory, social, and commuting information. The analysis applies survival models to examine how individual characteristics and municipal-level spatial structures jointly shape the hazard of residential out-migration. The results indicate that population retention is significantly associated with spatial connectivity and labor market accessibility. Municipalities with stronger network integration and better access to nearby employment opportunities exhibit lower out-migration risks. At the individual level, age, education, family structure, and migration background emerge as important predictors of mobility behavior. Commuting diversity is positively associated with migration hazards, suggesting that more dispersed commuting structures may signal weaker local anchoring. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of spatial embeddedness and functional labor market access in shaping demographic stability and regional resilience.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 3Is Artificial Intelligence a Trustworthy Route Navigation System for Smart Urban Planning(Univ Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Centrul Studii Europene, 2024) Kourtit, Karima; Nijkamp, Peter; Osth, John; Turk, UmutIn the age of smart or intelligent cities, the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents a spectrum of new opportunities and challenges for both the research and policy community. The present study explores the intricate interplay between AI-generated content and actual choice spectra in urban planning. It focuses on the concept of 'city intelligence' and related AI concepts, underscoring the pivotal role of AI in addressing and understanding the quality of life in contemporary urban environments. As AI continues its transformative impact on communication and information systems in the realm of urban planning, this study brings to the forefront key insights into the challenges of validating AI-based information. Given the inherently subjective nature of AIgenerated content, and its influential role in shaping user-perceived value, AI will most likely be a game changer catalyzing enhancements in the urban quality of life and inducing favorable urban developments. Additionally, the study also addresses the significance of the so-called 'Garbage-in Garbage-out' (GiGo) principle and 'Bullshitin Bullshit out' (BiBo) principle in validating AI-generated content, and seeks to enhance our understanding of the spatial information landscape in urban planning by introducing the notion of an urban X'XQ' performance production function.Article Citation - WoS: 6Citation - Scopus: 6Cyclists as Intelligent Carriers of Space-Time Environmental Information: Crowd-Sourced Sensor Data for Local Air Quality Measurement and Mobility Analysis in the Netherlands(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023-03-30) Kourtit, Karima; Nijkamp, Peter; Osth, John; Turk, UmutIn recent years, slow travel modes (walking, cycling) have gained much interest in the context of urban air quality management. This article presents the findings from a novel air quality measurement experiment in the Netherlands, by regarding cyclists as carriers and transmitters of real-world information on fine-grained air quality conditions. Using individual sensors on bicycles-connected to a GPS positioning system-online local pollution information originating from cyclists' detailed spatial mobility patterns is obtained. Such air quality surface maps and cyclists' mobility maps are then used to identify whether there are significant differences between the actual route choice and the cyclists' shortest route choice, so as to identify the implications of poor air quality conditions for their mobility choices. Thus, the article seeks to present both a detailed pollution surface map and the complex space-time mobility patterns of cyclists in a region, on the basis of online quantitative data-at any point in time and space-from bicycle users in a given locality. In addition, the article estimates their response-in terms of route choice-to detailed air-quality information through the use of a novel geoscience-inspired analysis of space-time "big data." The empirical test of our quantitative modeling approach was carried out for the Greater Utrecht area in the Netherlands. Our findings confirm that spatial concentration of air pollutants have great consequences for bike users' route choice patterns, especially in the case of non-commuting trips. We also find that cyclists make longer trips on weekends and in the evenings, especially towards parks and natural amenities.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 4A Multilevel Analysis of the Contextual Effects in Distance Education Outcomes During COVID-19(Univ Alexandru Ioan Cuza, Centrul Studii Europene, 2021) Turk, UmutThe COVID-19 outbreak has forced countries to take extensive measures aimed at minimizing human contact. In this crisis period, distance education has played a crucial role in ensuring continuous learning. However, not all locations have had the same maturity level regarding infrastructure availability, and the city-level heterogeneity in socioeconomic structures might have impeded equal access to distance education. This paper focuses on the contextual dimension of distance education by a comparative approach between in person and distance education outcomes in Turkey. By a multilevel modelling approach, student outcomes are examined against a set of student-level and city-level determinants of academic success during the COVID-19 period compared to the same academic semester in the previous year. The findings support previous studies, discussing the long-term contextual effects on student outcomes and show that the digital divide between the rural and urban areas and income inequality are the main drivers of city-level variation in students' success during the pandemic.Article Modeling Commuter Mobility in Stockholm: A Spatial Panel Approach Using Mobile Phone Data(Springer Heidelberg, 2026) Fischer, Manfred M.; Osth, John; Toger, Marina; Turk, UmutThis paper examines the sociodemographic and socioeconomic determinants of regional commuter mobility in the Greater Stockholm Area using a heteroscedastic spatial Durbin panel data model estimated via Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods. Drawing on mobile phone-derived origin-destination flows from the MIND database, the analysis exploits unusually fine spatial and temporal granularity across a balanced panel of 675 regions over the period 2018-2023. A k-nearest neighbor spatial weight matrix (k = 18), selected via Bayesian model comparison, captures the topological structure of interregional connectivity. By modeling spatial lags in both the dependent and independent variables, the framework enables explicit recovery of direct (own-region) and indirect (spillover) effects from scalar summary measures of the matrix of partial derivatives - providing robust posterior inference on how sociodemographic and socioeconomic conditions propagate through space. This approach addresses a key limitation of conventional non-spatial methods, which risk producing biased estimates by ignoring spatial interdependence. Empirical results confirm that spatial spillovers predominate over direct effects, with educational attainment and car ownership emerging as the principal determinants of commuter mobility, while age composition plays a comparatively modest role. These findings underscore that evaluating direct effects in isolation systematically underestimates the broader societal returns to mobility-enhancing regional policies.Master Thesis COVID-19 Sürecinde Hareketlilikte Eşitsizlik: Küresel ve Yerel Analiz(Abdullah Gül Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2022) Gençaslan, Elif; Gençaslan, Elif; Türk, Umut; Madenoğlu, Fatma SelenThis thesis analyzes mobility patterns during the Covid-19 pandemic from a global and local perspective. The global framework includes 37 European countries and the local framework comprises 81 Turkish cities. The study follows the daily mobility trajectories of people from February 2020 to January 2022. The analyzes are conducted to understand the economic opportunities available in countries -at a macro scale- that facilitate or hinder the 'proper' mobility behavior of individuals while focusing on the captive commuters, i.e., the share of the population who need to commute to the work despite the risk of infection and governmental policies. The results indicate that the workforce in regions with higher GDP per capita, education level, and life expectancy at birth was able to reduce their workplace mobility higher than commuters in areas with low income, education level, and life expectancy at birth. Therefore, unprivileged populations were exposed to higher health risks against rapid Covid-19 transmission in Europe and Turkish cities.Article Citation - WoS: 8Citation - Scopus: 8Villages in the City - Urban Planning for Neighbourhood Love(Wiley, 2024-03-17) Kourtit, Karima; Nijkamp, Peter; Turk, Umut; Wahlstrom, MiaThe city comprises of a wide variety of heterogeneous territorial units (e.g. districts or neighbourhoods). In many - especially larger - cities, social capital assets (like community bonds) are mirrored at the level of neighbourhoods which form the home for many sociocultural communities or distinct socio-economic classes. We postulate in this study that the big city is essentially an 'archipelago' made up of 'urban villages'. We analyse the residents' perceived attractiveness regarding their daily local neighbourhood by introducing the concept of 'village love' (or 'neighbourhood love'), inspired by the recent literature on 'city love' (comprising 'body', 'soul' and 'community' constituents of urban life). Based on an extensive and detailed multi-annual database for all neighbourhoods in Rotterdam, the present paper seeks to identify the background factors shaping 'village love' in the city, with particular attention to the citizens' subjective appreciation for and access to a great variety of (physical and immaterial) urban amenities shaping the place-based satisfaction of residents. The theoretical framing of our research resembles the basics of traditional central place theory here transmitted to the urban space in which local proximity to amenities plays a key role. A wide array of relevant amenities impacting on the place-specific well-being feelings ('village love') of residents in various neighbourhoods in the city of Rotterdam is distinguished using inter alia-rich multi-annual survey data. This approach is empirically tested and verified by means of LISA statistics and advanced spatial econometric dependence models ('urbanometrics'). The findings confirm the usefulness of a central place interpretation of 'urban village love' in the city. 'Villages in the City - Urban Planning for Neighbourhood Love': This study advocates that cities are composed of interconnected 'urban villages', each with its own social capital and community bonds. Using extensive data from Rotterdam, we investigate the factors influencing residents' perceived attractiveness and satisfaction with their local neighbourhoods. Our analysis highlights the importance of access to diverse amenities in shaping residents' sense of 'village love'. Through spatial econometric models, the study confirms the central place interpretation of 'urban village love' in the city, shaping future urban planning strategies for fostering vibrant and cohesive communities.imageEditorial Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 2Special Issue on The City 2.0 - Smart People, Places and Planning(Elsevier, 2022-06) Nijkamp, Peter; Kourtit, Karima; Turk, Umut