Sürdürülebilir ve Enerji Verimli Kent İçi Ulaşım için Yaşam Döngüsü Yaklaşımı
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2021, 2021
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Abdullah Gül Üniversitesi / Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü / Sürdürülebilir Kentsel Altyapı Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
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Abstract
Bu tez çalışmasının amacı, Kayseri'deki kent içi ulaşım sisteminin sürdürülebilirliğini değerlendirmektir. İlk bölümde, beşikten mezara yaklaşımı ile Kayseri tramway sisteminin çevresel, ekonomik ve sosyal yönleri birlikte entegre edilerek yaşam döngüsü sürdürülebilirlik değerlendirmesi (LCSA) yapılmıştır. LCSA sonuçları, işletme ve bakım aşamasının, tüm yaşam döngüsü boyunca tramvay sisteminin çevresel etkilerinin ana etmeni olarak ortaya koymuştur. Ekonomik değerlendirmeye göre, toplam yaşam döngüsü maliyetinin temel kaynağı enerji maliyeti olmuştur. Sosyal performans değerlendirmesinde, endüstrinin toplum, yerel topluluk ve işçiler için iyi performans gösterdiği, ancak zayıf bir geri bildirim mekanizması nedeniyle tüketici için daha düşük bir sosyal performansa sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. İkinci bölümde, Kararsız Bulanık Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (HF-AHP) ve Çoklu Nitelikli Fayda Teorisi (MAUT) yöntemleri entegre edilerek kent içi ulaşım alternatifleri değerlendirilmiştir. Sekiz sürdürülebilir ulaşım göstergesi seçilmiştir ve seçilen göstergelerin ağırlıkları HF-AHP metodu kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. HF-AHP sonuçlarına göre, sekiz gösterge arasından 0,158 normalleştirilmiş ağırlık ile ölüm/yaralı sayısı en önemli gösterge olarak belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra, en sürdürülebilir kent içi ulaşım alternatifine karar vermek için MAUT yöntemi kullanılarak on iki kent içi ulaşım alternatifi sıralanmıştır. Bu entegre metodolojinin sonuçları, 0,69 toplam fayda değeri ile motorlu araçların az olduğu alternatif 11'in en sürdürülebilir alternatif ve 0,27 toplam fayda değeri ile motorlu araçların fazla olduğu alternatif 1'in ise en kötü sürdürülebilir alternatif olduğunu göstermektedir.
The objective of this thesis study is to evaluate the sustainability of the urban transport system in Kayseri. In the first part, a life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) of the tramway system was performed using a cradle‐to‐grave approach by integrating the environmental, economic, and social aspects for the case of Kayseri, Turkey. The LCSA results revealed that the operation and maintenance phase were determined as the main contributor to the environmental load of the tramway system within its entire life cycle. For economic assessment, the main contributor to the total life cycle cost was energy cost. In the social performance evaluation, it is found that the industry performs well for society, the local community, and workers but has a weaker social performance for the consumer due to a weak feedback mechanism. In the second part, urban transport alternatives were evaluated with the integration of Hesitant Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (HF-AHP) and Multiple Attribute Utility Models (MAUT) methods. Eight sustainable transport indicators were selected and the weights of selected indicators are calculated with the utilization of HF-AHP. Based on HF-AHP results, the number of fatalities/injuries has been determined as the most significant indicator among the eight indicators with 0.158 normalized weight. Then, twelve urban transport alternatives were ranked by using the MAUT method to decide the most sustainable urban transport alternative. The results of this integrated methodology present that alternative 11, which is dominated by low-motorized vehicles, has been determined as the best sustainable alternative and alternative 1 is the worst sustainable alternative which is dominated by high-motorized vehicles with 0.69 and 0.27 of total utility values, respectively.
The objective of this thesis study is to evaluate the sustainability of the urban transport system in Kayseri. In the first part, a life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) of the tramway system was performed using a cradle‐to‐grave approach by integrating the environmental, economic, and social aspects for the case of Kayseri, Turkey. The LCSA results revealed that the operation and maintenance phase were determined as the main contributor to the environmental load of the tramway system within its entire life cycle. For economic assessment, the main contributor to the total life cycle cost was energy cost. In the social performance evaluation, it is found that the industry performs well for society, the local community, and workers but has a weaker social performance for the consumer due to a weak feedback mechanism. In the second part, urban transport alternatives were evaluated with the integration of Hesitant Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (HF-AHP) and Multiple Attribute Utility Models (MAUT) methods. Eight sustainable transport indicators were selected and the weights of selected indicators are calculated with the utilization of HF-AHP. Based on HF-AHP results, the number of fatalities/injuries has been determined as the most significant indicator among the eight indicators with 0.158 normalized weight. Then, twelve urban transport alternatives were ranked by using the MAUT method to decide the most sustainable urban transport alternative. The results of this integrated methodology present that alternative 11, which is dominated by low-motorized vehicles, has been determined as the best sustainable alternative and alternative 1 is the worst sustainable alternative which is dominated by high-motorized vehicles with 0.69 and 0.27 of total utility values, respectively.
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Transportation, Ulaşım
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75
Sustainable Development Goals
7
AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY

11
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES

12
RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION
