Nanotanecikler İçeren Yüksek Miktarda Doğal Puzolan Katkılı Çimentolar: Özellikler, Hidratasyon ve Hamur İç Yapısı
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2015
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TUBİTAK
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Abstract
Çimento sektörü dünya genelinde atmosfere salınan CO2 gazının %7’sinden tek başına_x000D_
sorumludur. Çimento sektörü odaklı CO2 emisyonlarının azaltılabilmesinde en etkin yol,_x000D_
çimentolardaki mineral katkı kullanım oranının yükseltilebilmesidir. Bunun önündeki en büyük_x000D_
engel göreceli olarak yüksek miktarda mineral katkılı çimentoların geç priz süreleri, düşük_x000D_
dayanımları ve yüksek büzülme eğilimleridir. Son yıllarda nanoteknolojiye olan ilgi artışıyla_x000D_
beraber, nanotaneciklerin çimento sistemlerinde kullanımına yönelik çalışmalar dikkat_x000D_
çekmektedir._x000D_
Bu projede yüksek miktarda doğal puzolan içeren çimentolara nanotanecik ilavesinin, farklı_x000D_
doğal puzolan tiplerine de bağlı olarak, bu çimentoların hidratasyonu, hamur iç yapısı ve_x000D_
özellikleri üzerindeki etkisi irdelenmiştir. Yirmi üç farklı doğal puzolanik malzemeden türlerini_x000D_
en iyi şekilde yansıtacak şekilde seçilen bir zeolit, bir pomza ve bir volkanik tüfün her birisi,_x000D_
ağırlıkça %50 oranında Portland çimentosuna ikame edilerek katkılı çimentolar hazırlanmıştır_x000D_
(toplam 20 farklı çimento kompozisyonu). Bu çimentolara %1 ve %2 oranlarında nanoCaCO3 ve nano-SiO2 tanecikleri ilave edilerek, çimentoların hidratasyonu, hamurların iç_x000D_
yapısı ve harç özellikleri incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda izotermal kalorimetreyle hidratasyon_x000D_
kinetiği, taze hamurların vizkositesi, termal analizle sertleşmiş hamurların kalsiyum hidroksit_x000D_
ve bağlanmış su içerikleri, elektron mikroskobuyla iç yapı gözlemleri, harçların dayanımları_x000D_
ve büzülme (rötre) ölçümleri gerçekleştirilmiştir._x000D_
Yapılan deneysel çalışmaların sonucunda nanotanecik ilavesinin, yüksek miktarda doğal_x000D_
puzolan içeren çimentoların başta hidratasyon kinetiği (reaksiyon hızı ve açığa çıkan_x000D_
hidratasyon ısısı) olmak üzere, iç yapısını mikro ve nano düzeyde modifiye ettiği tespit_x000D_
edilmiştir. Çimento harçlarında %19’a varan oranlarda basınç dayanımı artışları ile_x000D_
büzülmelerde belirgin düşüşler gözlenmiş ve bu durumun nanotanecik ilavesiyle hamur iç_x000D_
yapısının gözenek boyut dağılımında meydana gelen yoğunlaşmayla ilgili olduğu_x000D_
değerlendirilmiştir.
In the world cement industry is solely responsible for 7% of CO2 emitted into the_x000D_ atmosphere. The most effective way to reduce of CO2 emissions from the cement_x000D_ sector is increasing the utilization rate of mineral admixtures in cements. The greatest_x000D_ obstacle to this is some negative properties mineral blended cements such as delay in_x000D_ setting time, relatively lower strength performance and high shrinkage tendency. In_x000D_ recent years there is an increasing attention on nanotechnology applications and_x000D_ accordingly to use of nanoparticles in Portland cement systems._x000D_ In this project, the effects of nanoparticle addition into high-volume natural pozzolan_x000D_ blended cements on their hydration, microstructure and properties, depending on the_x000D_ type of natural pozzolan were investigated experimentally. Among twenty three natural_x000D_ pozzolanic materials, one representative sample was selected from zeolite, pumice_x000D_ and volcanic tuff groups of materials. These selected pozzolans were used to obtain_x000D_ blended cements containing 50% natural pozzolans by mass (totally twenty different_x000D_ cements). 1% and 2%( by weight of blended cements) nano-CaCO3 ve nano-SiO2_x000D_ particles were added to the cementious systems and the hydration, paste_x000D_ microstructure and mortar properties of the cements were determined. In this context,_x000D_ hydration kinetics by isothermal calorimetry, viscosity of fresh pastes, calcium_x000D_ hydroxide and bound water content of hardened cement pastes, microstructure_x000D_ observations by electron microcopy, strength and shrinkage of mortars of the cements_x000D_ were determined experimentally._x000D_ As conclusions of experimental studies, it was determined that nanoparticle addition_x000D_ modifies hydration kinetics (reaction rate and heat of hydration) of the high-volume_x000D_ natural pozzolan blended cements and the microstructure of their hardened pastes. I_x000D_ was observed that there are increases in compressive strength up to 19% as well as_x000D_ some reductions in shrinkage values of mortars. These improvements were associated_x000D_ with the improvements in microstructure of hardened cement pastes including pore_x000D_ size distribution.
In the world cement industry is solely responsible for 7% of CO2 emitted into the_x000D_ atmosphere. The most effective way to reduce of CO2 emissions from the cement_x000D_ sector is increasing the utilization rate of mineral admixtures in cements. The greatest_x000D_ obstacle to this is some negative properties mineral blended cements such as delay in_x000D_ setting time, relatively lower strength performance and high shrinkage tendency. In_x000D_ recent years there is an increasing attention on nanotechnology applications and_x000D_ accordingly to use of nanoparticles in Portland cement systems._x000D_ In this project, the effects of nanoparticle addition into high-volume natural pozzolan_x000D_ blended cements on their hydration, microstructure and properties, depending on the_x000D_ type of natural pozzolan were investigated experimentally. Among twenty three natural_x000D_ pozzolanic materials, one representative sample was selected from zeolite, pumice_x000D_ and volcanic tuff groups of materials. These selected pozzolans were used to obtain_x000D_ blended cements containing 50% natural pozzolans by mass (totally twenty different_x000D_ cements). 1% and 2%( by weight of blended cements) nano-CaCO3 ve nano-SiO2_x000D_ particles were added to the cementious systems and the hydration, paste_x000D_ microstructure and mortar properties of the cements were determined. In this context,_x000D_ hydration kinetics by isothermal calorimetry, viscosity of fresh pastes, calcium_x000D_ hydroxide and bound water content of hardened cement pastes, microstructure_x000D_ observations by electron microcopy, strength and shrinkage of mortars of the cements_x000D_ were determined experimentally._x000D_ As conclusions of experimental studies, it was determined that nanoparticle addition_x000D_ modifies hydration kinetics (reaction rate and heat of hydration) of the high-volume_x000D_ natural pozzolan blended cements and the microstructure of their hardened pastes. I_x000D_ was observed that there are increases in compressive strength up to 19% as well as_x000D_ some reductions in shrinkage values of mortars. These improvements were associated_x000D_ with the improvements in microstructure of hardened cement pastes including pore_x000D_ size distribution.
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Keywords
Çimento, Doğal puzolan, İç yapı, Nanoteknoloji, Nanotanecik, Cement, Microstructure, Nanoparticle, Nanotechnology, Natural pozzolan
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