Ekonomi Bölümü Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12573/410

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Did Liberal Lockdown Policies Change Spatial Behaviour in Sweden? Mapping Daily Mobilities in Stockholm Using Mobile Phone Data During COVID-19
(SPRINGER Nature Link, 2024) Shuttleworth, Ian; Toger, Marina; Turk, Umut; Osth, John; 0000-0002-8440-7048; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Türk, Umut
Sweden had the most liberal lockdown policies in Europe during the Covid-19 pandemic. Relying on individual responsibility and behavioural nudges, their effectiveness was questioned from the perspective of others who responded with legal restrictions on behaviour. In this study, using mobile phone data, we therefore examine daily spatial mobilities in Stockholm to understand how they changed during the pandemic from their pre-pandemic baseline given this background. The analysis demonstrates: that mobilities did indeed change but with some variations according to (a) the residential social composition of places and (b) their locations within the city; that the changes were long lasting; and that the average fall in spatial mobility across the whole was not caused by everybody moving less but instead by more people joining the group of those who stayed close to home. It showed, furthermore, that there were seasonal differences in spatial behaviour as well as those associated with major religious or national festivals. The analysis indicates the value of mobile phone data for spatially fine-grained mobility research but also shows its weaknesses, namely the lack of personal information on important covariates such as age, gender, and education.
Rural Feet Voting of Leisure Explorers
(WILEY Online Library, 2025) Turk, Umut; Toger, Marina; Osth, John; Kourtit, Karima; Nijkamp, Peter; 0000-0002-8440-7048; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Turk, Umut
In the COVID-19 period, spatial leisure behavior, often driven by the desire to escape urban life, reflected health and environmental concerns. This study examines how pandemic-induced spatial motives and changes impacted disparities in leisure mobility, specifically urban-to-rural tourism, in Sweden. Analyzing pre-pandemic, during pandemic, and post-pandemic periods, using anonymized mobile phone and socioeconomic data, the paper explores urban-rural leisure mobility variations. Despite a decline in professional geographical mobility, mainly of people in affluent urban areas, due to remote work, the spatial leisure activities remained rather stable? Our findings, based on a negative binomial regression analysis, reveal also exacerbated socioeconomic segregation in recreational trips. The disruption in mobility accessibility due to COVID-19 appears to amplify existing socioeconomic disparities, notably in urban-to-rural leisure travel. Our research sheds new light on the widening gap in geographical leisure activities, emphasizing the need for equitable access to nonurban destinations.
Unravelling the moderating roles of environmental regulations on the impact of foreign direct investment on environmental sustainability
(ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2025) Ehigiamusoe, Kizito Uyi; Chen, Danqing; Dogan, Eyup; Binsaeed, Rima H.; 0000-0003-0476-5177; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Dogan, Eyup
In the era of economic globalization, China attracts significant foreign direct investment (FDI) to accelerate economic prosperity. FDI inflows could have ramifications on environmental degradation (ED) despite the enactment of different environmental regulations (ERs) such as market-incentive, command-and-control as well as informal regulations. Though some studies have shown that FDI and ED have significant relationship, the moderating roles of different ERs on the environmental impact of FDI has not been empirically unraveled. This study fills this research gap by analyzing the direct impact of FDI on ED (i.e., carbon dioxide emissions, ecological footprint) using the provincial panel data. Second, it unravels the moderating roles of different ERs on the environmental impact of FDI in the provinces and regions. The results indicate that FDI directly mitigates ED, verifying the pollution halo hypothesis while ERs directly alleviate ED in China. However, the interaction between FDI and ERs do not alleviate ED in China albeit regional heterogeneity exist. The economic implication is that FDI is not a channel through which ERs enhance environmental sustainability in China. This study recommends some policy options arising from the findings.
Deneysel İktisadın Tarihi
(Mustafa SÜLEYMAN ÖZCAN, 2023) Erkuş,Sefa; Demirtaş, Burak Kağan; 0000-0001-9477-8128; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Demirtaş, Burak Kağan
Bu çalışmanın temel amacı Türkçe yazında görece yeni olan deneysel iktisat alanına, iktisatta kontrollü deneylerin kullanımının tarihsel gelişimine ilişkin referans olabilecek şekilde katkı sunmaktır. Şüphesiz ki deneysel iktisat çalışacak araştırmacılar için deneysel iktisadın tarihsel gelişim sürecini öğrenmek oldukça önem arz etmektedir. İktisatta deneysel yöntemin tarihini öğrenmek araştırmacılara yöntemin geçmişte karşılaştığı sorunları analiz etme imkanı sunarken, yöntemin şimdi ve gelecekteki yönü hakkında yapılabilecek araştırmalar hakkında da ipuçları vermektedir. İktisatta kontrollü deneylerin kullanımına özellikle iktisatçılar uzun süre direnç göstermiş olsa da bugün iktisat alanında kontrollü deneylerin kullanıldığı çalışmaların sıklıkla yayınlandığı görülmektedir. Soğuk savaş döneminde oyun teorik modellerin deneyler yürütülerek sınanması deneysel yöntemin yaygınlaşması için ilk itici güç olmuştur. 80’li yıllardan itibaren insan davranışlarını açıklama çabası ile davranışsal iktisatçıların yürüttüğü deneyler, yöntemin iktisatçılar arasında yaygınlaşmasını sağlayan bir diğer önemli etken olmuştur. 2002 yılında Nobel İktisat Ödülü’nün piyasa mekanizmasını kontrollü laboratuvar deneyleri yürüterek araştırdığı ve deneysel iktisat yöntemine katkıda bulunduğu için Vernon L. Smith’e verilmesi, iktisatta deneysel yöntemin artık ana akım yöntemlerden biri haline geldiğinin de bir tescili olarak göz önünde bulundurulabilir. Deneysel iktisat tarihinin yazımına ilişkin bazı güçlükler bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan biri yöntemin disiplinler arası bir karakter taşıması iken diğeri de deneysel yöntemin erken dönemine ilişkin bilgilerin çoğunlukla kişisel anılara, hikayelere dayanmasıdır . Deneysel iktisadın tarihsel gelişimi incelendiğinde çoğunlukla bireysel tercihler, piyasaların işleyişi ve oyun teorik modellerin teorik öngörülerinin sınanmasına ilişkin deneylerin gerçekleştirildiği görülmektedir. Bu sebeple bu çalışmada da deneysel iktisadın tarihsel gelişimi bu üç ana başlık altında toplanmıştır. Bunlara ek olarak, deneysel iktisadın gelişimine etki eden önemli teorik gelişmelere ve kişilere de çalışmada ayrıca değinilmektedir.
The Inter-Relationships of Territorial Quality of Life with Residential Expansion and Densification: A Case Study of Regions in EU Member Countries
(MDPI, 2024) Ustaoglu, Eda; Williams, Brendan; 0000-0001-6874-5162; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Ustaoglu, Eda
High-density urban development is promoted by both global and local policies in response to socio-economic and environmental challenges since it increases mobility of different land uses, decreases the need for traveling, encourages the use of more energy-efficient buildings and modes of transportation, and permits the sharing of scarce urban amenities. It is therefore argued that increased density and mixed-use development are expected to deliver positive outcomes in terms of contributing to three pillars (social, economic, and environmental domains) of sustainability in the subject themes. Territorial quality of life (TQL)-initially proposed by the ESPON Programme-is a composite indicator of the socio-economic and environmental well-being and life satisfaction of individuals living in an area. Understanding the role of urban density in TQL can provide an important input for urban planning debates addressing whether compact development can be promoted by referring to potential efficiencies in high-density, mixed land use and sustainable transport provisions. Alternatively, low-density suburban development is preferable due to its benefits of high per capita land use consumption (larger houses) for individual households given lower land prices. There is little empirical evidence on how TQL is shaped by high-density versus low-density urban forms. This paper investigates this topic through providing an approach to spatially map and examine the relationship between TQL, residential expansion, and densification processes in the so-called NUTS2 (nomenclature of terrestrial units for statistics) regions of European Union (EU) member countries. The relative importance of each TQL indicator was determined through the entropy weight method, where these indicators were aggregated through using the subject weights to obtain the overall TQL indicator. The spatial dynamics of TQL were examined and its relationship with residential expansion and densification processes was analysed to uncover whether the former or the latter process is positively associated with the TQL indicator within our study area. From our regression models, the residential expansion index is negatively related to the TQL indicator, implying that high levels of residential expansion can result in a reduction in overall quality of life in the regions if they are not supported by associated infrastructure and facility investments.
Can artificial intelligence and green finance affect economic cycles?
(ELSEVIER, 2024) Chishti, Muhammad Zubair; Dogan, Eyup; Binsaeed, Rima H.; 0000-0003-0476-5177; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Dogan, Eyup
The COVID-19 recession and the Ukraine-Russia War (URW) crisis have added a new layer of complexity to global economic cycles, necessitating the evolution of economic systems and proactive responses to emerging economic challenges. In this context, the recent article introduces artificial intelligence (AI) as a new driver of economic cycles and analyzes its dynamic role alongside the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), the Paris Agreement (PA), green finance (GB), and economic shocks (ES) in determining global economic cycles. The article employs novel econometric tools, namely the CAViaR-TVP-VAR model, the Quantile Coherence method, panel Quantile on Quantile Kernel-Based Regularized Least Squares (PQQKRLS), and the Quantile-Quantile Granger causality (QQGC) test for robust findings. The outcomes reveal that AI influences economic cycles in the short run while significantly mitigating these cycles in the medium and long run. Furthermore, the BRI exhibits a positive link with economic cycles during the short and medium run; however, it can contribute to economic stability in the long run by impeding economic fluctuations. Similarly, green finance and the PA show mixed influences across various time horizons, except for the long run, which confirms their negative association with economic cycles. Additionally, ES has a direct link with economic cycles across most periods. The robustness check based on the QQGC test and PQQKRLS method supports the main results. Our results identify AI, BRI, and the PA as new drivers of economic cycles with the potential to counter global economic cycles. Therefore, based on these findings, the study proposes several policy implications tailored to different time horizons.
How does technological innovation moderate the environmental impacts of economic growth, natural resource rents and trade openness?
(Academic Press, 2024) Ehigiamusoe, Kizito Uyi; Dogan, Eyup; Ramakrishnan, Suresh; Binsaeed, Rima H.; 0000-0003-0476-5177; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Dogan, Eyüp
The objective of this study is to unravel the linear impacts of economic growth, technological innovation, natural resource rents and trade openness on carbon emissions in Malaysia during 1980–2021. It also unveils the moderating role of technological innovation on the impacts of economic growth, natural resource rents and trade openness on carbon emissions. It further analyses the nonlinear relationship between technological innovation and carbon emissions. It estimates the parameters with the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model technique. The results of the linear model reveal that economic growth, natural resource rents and trade openness contributes to carbon emissions while technological innovation mitigates carbon emissions. The disaggregated analysis of natural resource rents indicates that oil rents, natural gas rents and coal rents intensify carbon emissions while mineral rents and forest rents do not contribute to carbon emissions. The disaggregated analysis of trade openness shows that exports worsen carbon emissions while imports have tenuous effect. The disaggregated analysis of technological innovation indicates that innovation by non-residents mitigate carbon emissions while innovation by residents do not alleviate carbon emissions. Moreover, evidence from the interaction model reveals that technological innovation can favourably mitigate the adverse impacts of economic growth and trade openness on carbon emissions albeit it cannot alleviate the impact of natural resource rents on carbon emissions. Besides, the nonlinear model indicates a U-shaped relationship between technological innovation and carbon emissions. Unlike previous studies that typically focused on the direct impacts of these variables, this study unravels the impacts of the disaggregated components as well as provides insights into the moderating and nonlinear effects of technological innovation on carbon emissions. The implication of this study is that efforts to achieve a carbon-neutral economy should consider the direct and indirect impacts of economic growth, technological innovation, natural resource rents and trade openness. It is recommended for Malaysia to encourage technological innovation in her quest to abate the adverse environmental impacts of economic activities.
50 years of Resources Policy – What is next? Key areas of future research
(ELSEVIER, 2024) Fleming-Muñoz, David; Campbell, Gary; Ley, Yalin; Arratia-Solar, Andrea; Aroca, Patricio; Atienza, Miguel; Dogan, Eyup; Ghosh, Gaurav; James, Alexander; Kumral, Mustafa; Measham, Thomas; Sarr, Mare; Shahbaz, Muhammad; Wang, Haoying; Weber, Jeremy; 0000-0003-0476-5177; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Dogan, Eyup
In 2024, Resources Policy reaches its 50th anniversary as a journal. Fifty years leading the field of mineral and fossil fuel policies and economic research worldwide. Considering this special milestone, we provide a forward-looking view in this paper, highlighting seven areas we believe are critical for robust research that Resources Policy should publish in the future. Leveraging our research expertise and knowledge with the journal, these seven areas of future research include implications of post-mining and energy transitions, the dark side of critical minerals, the increasing substitution of local labour by alternative inputs, the role of the resource curse in resilience considerations, the cleaner production role of mining, macroeconomic frameworks, and the future of mining beyond mines (deep-sea and space mining). We believe more research is needed in these seven research areas, which can enhance our understanding of critical aspects, reduce uncertainty, and provide novel ways to address societal, environmental, economic and policy challenges related to the extraction and use of minerals and fossil fuels.
Villages in the City – Urban Planning for Neighbourhood Love
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2024) Kourtit, Karima; Nijkamp, Peter; Turk, Umut; Wahlström, Mia; 0000-0002-8440-7048; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Turk, Umut
The city comprises of a wide variety of heterogeneous territorial units (e.g. districts or neighbourhoods). In many – especially larger – cities, social capital assets (like community bonds) are mirrored at the level of neighbourhoods which form the home for many sociocultural communities or distinct socio-economic classes. We postulate in this study that the big city is essentially an ‘archipelago’ made up of ‘urban villages’. We analyse the residents' perceived attractiveness regarding their daily local neighbourhood by introducing the concept of ‘village love’ (or ‘neighbourhood love’), inspired by the recent literature on ‘city love’ (comprising ‘body’, ‘soul’ and ‘community’ constituents of urban life). Based on an extensive and detailed multi-annual database for all neighbourhoods in Rotterdam, the present paper seeks to identify the background factors shaping ‘village love’ in the city, with particular attention to the citizens' subjective appreciation for and access to a great variety of (physical and immaterial) urban amenities shaping the place-based satisfaction of residents. The theoretical framing of our research resembles the basics of traditional central place theory here transmitted to the urban space in which local proximity to amenities plays a key role. A wide array of relevant amenities impacting on the place-specific well-being feelings (‘village love’) of residents in various neighbourhoods in the city of Rotterdam is distinguished using inter alia-rich multi-annual survey data. This approach is empirically tested and verified by means of LISA statistics and advanced spatial econometric dependence models (‘urbanometrics’). The findings confirm the usefulness of a central place interpretation of ‘urban village love’ in the city.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Utilization in Turkey
(ELSEVIER, 2024) Uğur, Zeynep B.; Durak, Ayşenur; 0000-0002-4901-6690; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Durak, Ayşenur
Objectives: This study investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare utilization in Turkey. Methods: We utilized individual-level data derived from Turkish Statistical Institute's annual surveys between 2014 and 2022 and estimated probit regression models. Results: We find that COVID-19 pandemic reduced healthcare utilization by 11.8% after taking into account a large set of background variables. Although our study finds that the elderly and those with health problems are more likely to use healthcare services under normal circumstances, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused notable drops in the healthcare utilization among the elderly (−6.5%) and those with health problems (−3.8%). Although those without health insurance had lower utilization of healthcare services before the pandemic, during the pandemic they were not particularly hit. Conclusion: We conclude that the pandemic did not lower the healthcare utilization in Turkey because of the supply constraints. Also, the evidence points to the reduced demand due to the fear of contagion rather than financial concerns.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on satisfaction with healthcare services in Türkiye
(ELSEVIER, 2024) Uğur, Zeynep B.; Durak, Aysenur; 0000-0002-4901-6690; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Durak, Aysenur
Objectives: This study aims at evaluating whether the healthcare system in Turkey performed well or not from the perspective of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: For this purpose, we compare the satisfaction with healthcare services pre-pandemic and during the pandemic. We utilize the Life Satisfaction Survey conducted by Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat) between 2013 and 2021 and employ probit regression method. Results: The research results do not show any change in satisfaction with healthcare services in the pandemic years of 2020 and 2021. In addition, the satisfaction with healthcare services of people with health conditions, those without health insurance, and those whose premiums are covered by the state (green card holders) did not decrease during the pandemic period. The analysis results reveal that the satisfaction of people over 65 years old and those having health conditions with healthcare services increased during the pandemic period. Conclusion: When the findings are evaluated as a whole, we can conclude that Turkey performed well from the users’ perspective during the pandemic. Public interest summary: This study analyzes the impact of the pandemic on satisfaction with healthcare services in Turkey. To do this, we utilize Life Satisfaction Survey between 2013 and 2021. The regression results indicate that satisfaction with healthcare services has not changed during the pandemic. Moreover, we report an increase in satisfaction scores for elderly and those with health conditions in the pandemic years. We also find satisfaction of people without health insurance, and those whose premiums are covered by the state (green card holders) does not change. Our analysis points Turkey did well in managing pandemic period in terms of healthcare services satisfaction.
Is City Love a Success Factor for Neighbourhood Resilience? Results from a Microcosmic Analysis of Rotterdam
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Kourtit, Karima; Nijkamp, Peter; Türk, Umut; Wahlstrom, Mia; 0000-0002-8440-7048; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Türk, Umut
This study examines and tests the concept of ‘city love’ in the context of social resilience for urban neighbourhoods. It introduces the notion of ‘city body’ and ‘city soul’ so as to create an operational framework for measuring the citizens’ appreciation and attachment for the local neighbourhood. Particular attention is given to the social bonds in urban community networks and language groups. A quantitative statistical analysis is carried out to test the relationships and determinants of city (or neighbourhood) love, based on extensive statistical, survey and social media data on the city of Rotterdam.
Analyzing the determinants of renewable energy: The moderating role of technology and macroeconomic uncertainty
(SAGE Publications Inc., 2022) Chishti, Muhammad Zubair; Dogan, Eyup; 0000-0003-0476-5177; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Dogan, Eyup
In line with the importance of SDG-7, a number of studies have endeavored to divulge the changes in renewable energy consumption (REC); however, the literature fails to either understand the importance of technology i.e., information communication technologies (ICT) and macroeconomic uncertainty in this context or employ robust econometric techniques. This research paper extends the prior literature by focusing on technology and macroeconomic uncertainty as novel determinants in addition to natural resources, human development, globalization, and economic growth as control variables of renewable energy for the top 10 renewable energy-consuming countries by applying several second and third generation econometric tests on annual data from 1990 to 2017. The empirical estimations determine ICT as a crucial factor of renewable energy, suggesting that it significantly triggers REC in the top economies. Conversely, the detrimental effects of uncertainty tend to shrink REC. Furthermore, natural resources, human development, globalization, and economic growth significantly boost REC as consistent with the existing literature. Based on these findings, this study suggests several SGD-oriented policies.
Rule of law, international trade, and corporate financing decisions in Europe: Evidence from the covid-19 pandemic
(IGI Global, 2022) Polat, Ali Yavuz; 0000-0001-5647-5310; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Polat, Ali Yavuz
This chapter investigates whether the institutional environment that the firms operate has an impact on their leverage choice. Namely, rule of law is used as an institutional variable. Considering that better implementation of rule of law impacts positively firms' export performance, total exports in each country are also used as the other main explanatory variable. The findings show that both institutional variables and exports negatively and significantly affect the leverage level. This implies that firms in favorable institutional environment tend to borrow less, which results with lower leverage. Moreover, this study finds that the COVID-19 pandemic period as an unprecedented shock to economies pushed the leverage levels higher. Regarding the implications of the findings, firms' capacity to access external finance especially during a significant crisis period depends on the institutional environment. Namely, the effective implementation of rule of law should be first priority for the policy makers.
Estimation of economic costs of air pollution from road vehicle transportation in Turkey
(Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi, 2024) Ustaoğlu, Eda; 0000-0001-6874-5162; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Ustaoğlu, Eda
Valuation of the economic, social and environmental impacts of air pollution has become crucial for the benefit-cost analysis of pollution restriction strategies, which serve as a foundation for establishing priorities for action. This paper focuses on the estimation of total external costs caused by road transport-related air pollutants using an integrated evaluation methodology combining air quality modelling, engineering science and economics. Emission factors and transport network characteristics were used to compute emissions from the road transport that is followed by economic valuation approaches adopted from international case studies and used for calculating the economic costs of air pollution in Türkiye. The results showed that total external costs of air pollution in Türkiye in 2018 ranged between 37,500 euros which is computed for CO emissions and 2,686 million euros computed as an upper limit for NOx emissions. Regarding the social costs of CO2 emissions, the values range between 31 million euro and 1,427 million euro, the former represents the low value estimate while the latter is the high value estimate. The findings indicate that the impact of emissions from road transport on environment and society can be substantial in Türkiye. Therefore, some regulations are necessary to reduce transport emissions and to sustain socio-economic welfare.
Estimation of Demand for Urban Land Uses: A Case Study of Türkiye
(Kent Akademisi (Online), 2024) Ustaoğlu, Eda; 0000-0001-6874-5162; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Ustaoğlu, Eda
Over the past few decades, urbanisation has rapidly developed in various locations. While the urban landscape has changed dramatically as a result of rapid urbanisation, academics have also noted an increase in congestion, pollution in metropolitan areas, a reduction in public services, and aging infrastructure. These indicate that land use change can have adverse impact on society and environment and therefore it puts enormous pressure on governments. To be sustainable, the resources that can be used for development must be identified, together with their restrictions, as well as the natural elements and constraints that must be maintained or sustained for the correct functioning of ecosystems. Therefore, accurate estimates of future urban expansion are essential for sustainable growth and the preservation of the environment. While the UN advice utilising the SDG indicator 11.3.1 “the ratio of land consumption rate to population growth rate” to estimate and predict the sustainability of urbanisation, there are still insufficient accurate projections and useful evaluations available at the city level, particularly with regard to future urban expansion. The main obstacle to informing the realisation of urban sustainable development goals under the framework of SDGs has been the limited understanding of the dynamics of the urbanisation sustainability in the next decades. This article examines the land use changes for urban uses, and further applies different methods for the projection of residential and industrial/commercial land uses in the selected case study area i.e. NUTS3 (nomenclature of terrestrial units for statistics) regions of Turkey which demonstrate a city level analysis. Density measures, trend extrapolation and regression analysis are the subject statistical methods used for projecting the land use. The findings show that using the chosen methodologies to project past changes leads in significant uncertainty. Linear regression estimated the highest residential land use values for east, north and west; density measure estimated the highest values for north-west and south regions. Regarding the industrial/commercial land use demand, highest values were projected by linear regression method for east and north, by linear trend extrapolation method for north-west, south, and west regions. The results are significantly influenced by the variation in selected variables, and spatial organization of the study region. Therefore, validation analysis as a future research focus will be essential to select the most appropriate model that can be used to project the land use changes in Turkey. The results from the current analysis can be adopted by the government and local authorities for the land management and sustainable growth of urban land use in the Turkish regional context.
Sustainable development goals: People and places chose what they do not have
(Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., 2023) Dentinho, Tomaz Ponce; Kopczewska, Katarzyna; de Francesco, Giovanni; Pascariu, Gabriela Carmen; Kourtit, Karima; Nijkamp, Peter; Kurowska-Pysz, Joanna; Marques, João Lourenço; Viñuela, Ana; Türk, Umut; 0000-0002-8440-7048; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Türk, Umut
Sustainable development goals: People and places chose what they do not have
Spatial Competition, Spatial Agglomeration and Survival of Small Businesses in Milan during COVID-19
(Societa Editrice Il Mulino, 2023) Türk, Umut; Östh, John; 0000-0002-8440-7048; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Türk, Umut
This study examines the location choice of small firms in Milan across three periods: pre-COVID, early COVID, and late COVID, testing the applicability of traditional spatial economic theories. With the recent COVID-19 pandemic restricting human mobility, there has been a significant acceleration of tele-activities such as remote work and e-commerce, which may have impacted consumer behavior and service supply. Using data extracted from open map services, we find that small businesses have become more residential but moved farther from the city center during the pandemic, with single-owned and multi-branch firms exhibiting different responses.
The relationship between economic growth and electricity consumption from renewable and non-renewable sources: A study of Turkey
(ELSEVIER, 2015) Dogan, Eyup; 0000-0003-0476-5177; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Dogan, Eyup
The main objective of this study is to analyze the short and long run estimates as well as the causality relationships between economic growth (GR), electricity consumption from renewable sources (RELC) and electricity consumption from non-renewable sources (NRELC) for Turkey in a multivariate model wherein capital (K) and labor (L) are included as additional variables. Using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration, the Johansen cointegration test and the Gregory-Hansen cointegration test with structural break, we show that GR, RELC, NRELC, K and L are cointegrated. Although NRELC has a long run positive effect on GR, the long run estimate of RELC is negative but insignificant at 5% level of significance. The Granger causality test based on the vector error correction model reveals the evidence of neutrality hypothesis between RELC and GR, and between NRELC and GR in Turkey in the short run. In addition, the Granger causality runs from RELC, NRELC, K and L to GR as well as from GR, RELC, K and L to NRELC in the long run, which supports the existence of growth hypothesis between RELC and GR, and feedback hypothesis between NRELC and GR in the long run. It is advised that policy makers in the Turkish government should continue to reduce the share of electricity consumption from renewable sources and encourage the usage of electricity from non-renewable sources to have sustainable long run growth rates. It is also essential to promote the investment projects to increase the efficiency of electricity generation from non-renewable sources.
SUBPRIME MORTGAGES AND LENDING BUBBLES
(Bank Indonesia Institute, 2018) Polat, Ali Yavuz; 0000-0001-5647-5310; AGÜ, Yönetim Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ekonomi Bölümü; Polat, Ali Yavuz
We consider a model with two types of households: the poor with no initial endowment and the rich with positive endowment, and two types of assets: properties in a poor area and properties in a rich area. In the model, poor agents need credit to buy an asset, whereas the rich can draw from their endowment. We show that credit-fueled housing bubbles sometimes may improve welfare, making the poorer individuals better off. More precisely, there exist two types of equilibria in both property markets: one is a bubble equilibrium, and the other is an equilibrium where asset prices are stable over time. While the poor always obtain a positive surplus in the bubble equilibrium, this is not necessarily true for the rich. Our results suggest that there may be scope for market interventions aimed at sustaining the value of assets held by credit-constrained agents after the burst of a credit bubble.

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