The therapeutic potential of targeting HDAC6 with Tubastatin A in TFK-1 and EGI-1 cholangiocarcinoma cells

Abstract

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly aggressive and invasive malignancy with a poor diagnosis because of the resistance, relapse and limited therapy. Histone deacetylases (HDAC) are a class of enzyme that have important roles in epigenetic modulations. These enzymes are intensely studied and HDAC inhibitors are considered as potent anticancer agents in both solid tumors and hematological malignancies. HDAC inhibitors can affect and induce different mechanisms such as cell cycle arrest, differentiation, and cell death. In this study, we aim to investigate the cytotoxic effect of Tubastatin A, which is a selective HDAC6 inhibitor, on cholangiocarcinoma cell lines, TFK-1 and EGI-1, by MTT assay. Besides, it was aimed to examine the impact on colony formation potential of the cells. The effect of the inhibitor on cell cycle distribution was also examined by using flow cytometry. Tubastatin A has significantly decreased the colony formation and changed cell cycle progression. Taken together, our results suggest that Tubastatin A could be a potent inhibitor against cholangiocarcinoma. On the basis of these results, further mechanistic studies are required to elucidate the antineoplastic activity of Tubastatin A.