Comprehensive Analysis of Experimental and Numerical Results of Bond Strength and Mechanical Properties of Fly Ash Based GPC and OPC Concrete

Abstract

Nowadays, materials in the more environmentally friendly waste product class, which can be an alternative to standard Portland cement (OPC), are frequently used by researchers in concrete production. One of these, namely fly ash-based geopolymer concrete (GPC), should demonstrate its superiority over OPC in terms of chemical and mechanical properties to enhance its utilization. One of the mechanical properties of GPC is the bond strength between reinforcement and concrete. In this study, it was aimed to obtain bond strengths by performing tensile tests on GPC samples with varying sodium silicate/sodium hydroxide (SS/SH) and alkaline activator/fly ash (AA/FA) ratios. A pull-out experimental setup was prepared in accordance with RILEM Standard. Experimental results were compared with numerical results obtained from finite element models designed in ABAQUS software and were found to be compatible. When evaluated in terms of peak load and max bond stress values, GPC is superior to OPC. Compared to OPC an increase in the SS/SH ratio enhances mechanical properties such as compressive strength and bond load, whereas an increase in the AA/FA ratio with a value of 0.7 in the series has the opposite effect. In the finite element models, stress values are higher in samples with an AA/FA ratio of 0.5 compared to other ratios. An increase in the AA/FA ratio leads to a decrease in stress values. The analytical results are demonstrated that the proposed model can be utilized to assess the bond strength performance between traditional reinforced concrete and fly ash-based geopolymer concrete. Additionally, as a result of experimental studies, a formula that can be used to estimate bond strength based on GPC compressive strength and shows the superiority of GPC compared to studies in the literature has been proposed.