Kamu ve Özel Mülkiyetli Toprak Yapıların Tasarım, Onay ve Yapım Süreçleri
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2025
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Bu araştırma, Türkiye'de toprak ile inşa edilen yapıların üretimini ele alan bir çalışmadır. Toprak, geçmişte özellikle kırsal alanlarda yaygın olarak kullanılan doğal bir yapı malzemesi olmasına rağmen, endüstriyel beton üretiminin yaygınlaşması, kentleşme ve değişen imar yönetmelikleri nedeniyle bu kullanım azalmıştır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, son yıllarda Türkiye'de toprak malzeme ile yapılan yapıların sayısının sınırlı kalması ve bu tür yapıların üretim süreçlerinin mimarlar tarafından bilinmemesi problem olarak ele alınmaktadır. Bu çalışma, toprak malzemelerinin kullanımı konusunda mimarlık pratiğinde bir farkındalık yaratmayı ve bu malzemenin kullanımını teşvik etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Türkiye'de hem kamu hem de özel mülkiyetli arsalara inşa edilmiş toprak yapılar incelenmiş, bu yapıların tasarımcısı, onay veren kurum temsilcisi ve yapım ekibi temsilcisi ile derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılarak tasarım, onay ve yapım süreçleri hakkında bilgi toplanmıştır. Araştırma, toprak yapı üretim süreçlerini konvansiyonel yapı üretim süreçleriyle karşılaştırarak, bu süreçlerin her aşamasında görev alan paydaşlardan elde edilen veriler ışığında, toprak yapıların üretim süreçlerine dair açıklayıcı bir model geliştirmiştir. Çalışma, toprak malzemesi kullanımını artırmayı ve kentlerin sürdürülebilirliğine katkı sağlamayı hedefleyerek, özellikle mimar ve uygulayıcılar için toprak yapıların tasarım ve inşası konusunda kapsamlı bir yol haritası sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Anahtar kelimeler: toprak yapı teknikleri, toprak yapıların üretim süreci, kamu ve özel mülkiyetli yapıların üretimi, yerel malzemeler, doğal yapılar.
This research focuses on the production of buildings constructed with earth in Türkiye. Although earth has been a widely used natural building material in the past, especially in rural areas, its use has decreased due to the widespread production of industrial concrete, urbanization, and changes in zoning regulations. The study has recently identified the limited number of buildings constructed with earth in Türkiye and the lack of knowledge among architects regarding their production processes as a problem. This study aims to raise awareness about the use of earth materials in architectural practice and to encourage the use of this material. Earth buildings constructed on both public and privately owned sites in Türkiye have been examined, and in-depth interviews were conducted with the designers, representatives of approval authorities, and construction team members to gather information about the design, approval, and construction processes. The research has developed an explanatory model for the production processes of earthen buildings by comparing the production process of earthen buildings with conventional building production process, in the light of the data obtained from the stakeholders involved in each stage of these processes. The study aims to increase the use of earthen materials and contribute to the sustainability of cities, and to provide a comprehensive roadmap for architects and practitioners in the design and construction of earthen buildings. Keywords: earthen building techniques, earthen buildings production process, public and private ownership buildings production, vernacular materials. natural buildings.
This research focuses on the production of buildings constructed with earth in Türkiye. Although earth has been a widely used natural building material in the past, especially in rural areas, its use has decreased due to the widespread production of industrial concrete, urbanization, and changes in zoning regulations. The study has recently identified the limited number of buildings constructed with earth in Türkiye and the lack of knowledge among architects regarding their production processes as a problem. This study aims to raise awareness about the use of earth materials in architectural practice and to encourage the use of this material. Earth buildings constructed on both public and privately owned sites in Türkiye have been examined, and in-depth interviews were conducted with the designers, representatives of approval authorities, and construction team members to gather information about the design, approval, and construction processes. The research has developed an explanatory model for the production processes of earthen buildings by comparing the production process of earthen buildings with conventional building production process, in the light of the data obtained from the stakeholders involved in each stage of these processes. The study aims to increase the use of earthen materials and contribute to the sustainability of cities, and to provide a comprehensive roadmap for architects and practitioners in the design and construction of earthen buildings. Keywords: earthen building techniques, earthen buildings production process, public and private ownership buildings production, vernacular materials. natural buildings.
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Mimarlık, Architecture
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145