Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12573/395
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Article Citation - WoS: 479Citation - Scopus: 548The Role of Renewable Versus Non-Renewable Energy to the Level of Co2 Emissions a Panel Analysis of Sub-Saharan Africa's Big 10 Electricity Generators(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2018-08) Inglesi-Lotz, Roula; Dogan, EyupUndoubtedly, the increasing rates of CO2 emissions contribute highly to climate change. Studies stress the importance of understanding the determinants of emissions, in order to implement appropriate policies. In the past, literature only looked at the effect of aggregate energy to emissions; while nowadays, with the increasing role of renewables, they aim at evaluating the impacts of renewable and nonrenewable energies separately. Also, studies ignored possible cross-dependence among countries; concept particularly important for countries linked by trade or geographical position. Also, only lately, studies focused on developing economies. In this study, we aim to address these gaps of the literature by estimating the determinants (renewable and non-renewable energy, income and trade openness) of CO2 emissions for the ten biggest electricity generators in Sub-Saharan Africa for the period 1980 to 2011 by employing panel estimation techniques robust to cross dependence. A long-run relationship between the main variables is confirmed. Increases in non-renewable energy consumption intensify pollution while the opposite holds for renewable energy. With regards to direction of causal relationships, we observe a unidirectional causality running from emissions, income, trade and non-renewable energies towards renewable energies; from nonrenewable energy to emissions; and from emissions and non-renewable energies to trade. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 221Citation - Scopus: 240The Role of Interaction Effect Between Renewable Energy Consumption and Real Income in Carbon Emissions: Evidence From Low-Income Countries(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2022-02) Ehigiamusoe, Kizito Uyi; Dogan, EyupEven though the existing studies have extensively investigated the impacts of renewable energy and real income on carbon emissions, the literature overlooks the role of their interaction effect in the level of emissions. In addition, the studies have usually chosen high-income and middle-income countries as focused group. To fill these gaps in the existing body of energy-environment literature, this study investigates the impacts of real income, renewable energy consumption and their interaction effect on carbon emissions in low-income countries by employing empirical estimations that control different econometric and economic issues such as heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence. The results reveal that renewable energy mitigates emissions; however, the interaction effect stays positive. The marginal effect of renewable energy on emissions varies with the levels of real income. Policymakers in these economies should implement policies and regulations to promote the adoption and use of renewable energy to mitigate carbon emissions. Besides, this study emphasizes that the levels of renewable energy and real income are not the only panacea to abating pollution, but the interaction effect should be considered in ensuring environmental sustainability.Article Citation - WoS: 204Citation - Scopus: 234The Relationship Between Economic Growth and Electricity Consumption From Renewable and Non-Renewable Sources: A Study of Turkey(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2015-12) Dogan, EyupThe main objective of this study is to analyze the short and long run estimates as well as the causality relationships between economic growth (GR), electricity consumption from renewable sources (RELC) and electricity consumption from non-renewable sources (NRELC) for Turkey in a multivariate model wherein capital (K) and labor (L) are included as additional variables. Using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration, the Johansen cointegration test and the Gregory-Hansen cointegration test with structural break, we show that GR, RELC, NRELC, K and L are cointegrated. Although NRELC has a long run positive effect on GR, the long run estimate of RELC is negative but insignificant at 5% level of significance. The Granger causality test based on the vector error correction model reveals the evidence of neutrality hypothesis between RELC and GR, and between NRELC and GR in Turkey in the short run. In addition, the Granger causality runs from RELC, NRELC, K and L to GR as well as from GR, RELC, K and L to NRELC in the long run, which supports the existence of growth hypothesis between RELC and GR, and feedback hypothesis between NRELC and GR in the long run. It is advised that policy makers in the Turkish government should continue to reduce the share of electricity consumption from renewable sources and encourage the usage of electricity from non-renewable sources to have sustainable long run growth rates. It is also essential to promote the investment projects to increase the efficiency of electricity generation from non-renewable sources. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 810Citation - Scopus: 926The Influence of Real Output, Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy, Trade and Financial Development on Carbon Emissions in the Top Renewable Energy Countries(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2016-07) Dogan, Eyup; Seker, FahriDue to tremendous increase in the level of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the last several decades, a number of studies in the energy-growth-environment literature have attempted to identify the determinants of CO2 emissions. A major criticism related to the existing studies, we realize, is the selection of panel estimation techniques. Almost all studies use panel methods that ignore the issue of cross-sectional dependence even though countries in the panel are most likely heterogeneous and cross-sectionally dependent In addition, the majority of existing studies use aggregate energy consumption, and thus fail to identify the impacts of energy consumption by sources on the environment In order to fulfill the mentioned gaps in the literature, this empirical study analyzes the influence of the real income, renewable energy consumption, non-renewable energy consumption, trade openness and financial development on CO2 emissions in the EKC model for the top countries listed in the Renewable Energy Country Attractiveness Index by employing heterogeneous panel estimation techniques with cross-section dependence. We find that the analyzed variables become stationary at their first-differences by using the CADF and the CIPS unit root tests, and the analyzed variables are cointegrated by employing the LM bootstrap cointegration test By using the FMOLS and the DOLS, we also find that increases in renewable energy consumption, trade openness and financial development decrease carbon emissions while increases in non-renewable energy consumption contribute to the level of emissions, and the EKC hypothesis is supported for the top renewable energy countries. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 75Citation - Scopus: 89Revisiting the Nexus of Ecological Footprint, Unemployment, and Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy for South Asian Economies: Evidence From Novel Research Methods(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2022-07) Dogan, Eyup; Majeed, Muhammad Tariq; Luni, TaniaGiven the need to employ novel research methods in the energy-environment nexus, the objective of the present research is to investigate the impacts of real output, unemployment, and renewable and nonrenewable energy on ecological footprint under a STIRPAT theoretical framework by applying the second-generation unit root, cointegration, Granger-causality, and long-run estimation methods on the annual data from 1990 to 2017 for South Asian economies. Empirical results show that increases in unemployment and renewable energy decrease ecological footprint while increases in real income and non-renewable energy hurt the environment. This study confirms the adverse effect of renewable energy on environmental degradation as well as the trade-off between unemployment and pollution through multiple robustness and sensitivity checks. In addition, the causality test supports unidirectional causality from income, renewable energy, and non-renewable energy to ecological footprint. Regarding policy perspectives, the governments of the South Asian region should support the deployment of renewable energy through various channels and regulations. The development of technologies that promote sustainable production and consumption play critical roles for reducing the trade-off unemployment and ecological footprint. Further policy suggestions are discussed in the study.(c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Article Citation - WoS: 147Citation - Scopus: 159Investigating the Spillovers and Connectedness Between Green Finance and Renewable Energy Sources(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2022-09) Dogan, Eyup; Madaleno, Mara; Taskin, Dilvin; Tzeremes, PanayiotisAlthough a few studies have analyzed the nexus of renewable energy and green finance, the literature lacks the use of renewable energy by sources. The other major failure is that it uses only annual and small data. Therefore, this study investigates the connectedness and spillovers relationship between green finance and five types of renewable energy (biofuels, fuel cell, geothermal, solar, and wind) by applying the novel TVP-VAR method of Balcilar et al. [1] to the daily indexes from July 31, 2014, to Feb 4, 2022. The results show that dynamic connectedness, both total and pairwise, is heterogeneous over time and influenced by economic events. Furthermore, wind is found to be the largest transmitter of shocks to green finance, followed by biofuels, while both fuel cell and geothermal receive the least shocks. The findings suggest that green finance is mostly a net receiver of shocks from renewable energy sources and that wind has been a net receiver of shocks during the COVID-19 pandemic. A high interconnectedness between the indexes highlights the safe-haven property for diversification purposes of green finance. Our results are important for energy policymakers, those responsible for the implementation of environmental policies, individual investors, and portfolio managers, while also shedding light on the achievement of COP26 goals.Article Citation - WoS: 165Citation - Scopus: 176Factors Affecting Co2 Emissions in Top Countries on Renewable Energies: A LMDI Decomposition Application(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2018-07) Moutinho, Victor; Madaleno, Mara; Inglesi-Lotz, Roula; Dogan, EyupThis study breaks down carbon emissions into six effects considering the current Top 23 countries group on renewable energies, afterwards divided into two different groups (the TOP countries in Europe and the remaining group entering into the Top 23 countries included in the category Rest of the World). It analyses the effects evolution using a larger available data span that runs from 1985 until 2011, to determine which of the effects had more impact over changes of CO2 emissions. The complete additive decomposition technique was used to examine carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and its components. Moreover, it is performed a comparative analysis to contrast their performance, and a decoupling analysis is presented. For the 1985-2011 period results point for different positive and negative impacts in the behavioral change of CO2 emissions throughout Europe as compared to the Rest of the World. Moreover, the productivity of renewable sources and the financial development effect in renewable electricity generation per GDP are the main responsible for the total and negative changes of CO2 emissions in the last decade; whereas an increase in total changes of emissions are observed due to the fossil fuel energy consumption effect. The multiplicative cross effect, into these two important effects in CO2 emissions decomposed, indicate an aggregate proxy effect of the energy technology level of a country's economy.Article Citation - WoS: 346Citation - Scopus: 388Exploring the Relationship Among CO2 Emissions, Real GDP, Energy Consumption and Tourism in the EU and Candidate Countries: Evidence From Panel Models Robust to Heterogeneity and Cross-Sectional Dependence(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2017-09) Dogan, Eyup; Aslan, AlperA major criticism to the existing energy-growth-environment literature, we notice, is the selection of methodology. Panel estimation techniques that fail to consider both heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence across countries may cause forecasting errors. The other concern related to the literature is that only a small number of studies analyze the influence of tourism on CO2 emissions even though tourism sector has potential for affecting the environment. To fulfill the mentioned gaps in the literature, this study analyzes the relationship among carbon emissions, real income, energy consumption and tourism for a panel of the EU and candidate countries over the period 1995-2011 by using heterogeneous panel estimation techniques with cross-sectional dependence. Results from the CADF and the CIPS panel unit root tests show that the analyzed variables become stationary at their first-differences. The LM bootstrap panel cointegration test indicates the presence of a long run relationship among the analyzed variables. Results from the OLS with fixed effects, the FMOLS, the DOLS and the group-mean estimator reveal that energy consumption contributes to the level of emissions while real income and tourism mitigate CO2 emissions. The Emirmahmutoglu-Kose panel Granger causality test suggests that there is one-way causality running from tourism to carbon emissions, and two-way causality between CO2 emissions and energy consumption, and between real income and CO2 emissions. Policy implications are further discussed.Article Citation - WoS: 129Citation - Scopus: 144Do Energy and Environmental Taxes Stimulate or Inhibit Renewable Energy Deployment in the European Union?(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2023-01) Dogan, Eyup; Hodzic, Sabina; Fatur Sikic, Tanja; Šikić, Tanja FaturThe modern lifestyle and economic development of the European Union countries are closely connected to high energy consumption and environmental pollution. Renewable energy has arisen as one solution to this problem, even though the obstacles and challenges regarding the deployment of renewable energy lie in high costs, technology and legislation. The investigation of the determinants of renewable energy has become very attractive and popular because of the Sustainable Development Goals and COP26 targets. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the role of energy taxes and environmental taxes in addition to that of economic and environmental indicators in renewable energy development for the panel of EU countries by applying reliable and robust econometric techniques to the annual data from 1995 to 2019. The empirical results suggest that an increase in economic growth and oil prices supports renewable energy while environmental taxes and energy taxes have a negative impact on renewable energy deployment in EU countries. Thus, it is crucial to reform the structure of taxes to support the use of renewable energy. In addition, increasing environmental taxes to transform EU countries into energy-efficient economies will require additional EU policy adjustments.Article Citation - WoS: 883Citation - Scopus: 968Determinants of CO2 Emissions in the European Union: The Role of Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2016-08) Dogan, Eyup; Seker, FahriA number of studies in the environment-energy-growth literature aim to pin down the determinants of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions as a result of large increases in CO2 emissions over the last few decades. One criticism related to the existing literature is the selection of data. The majority of studies use aggregate energy consumption. The other criticism is the selection of panel estimation techniques. Almost all studies use panel methods that ignore cross-sectional dependence. To fulfill the mentioned gaps in the literature, this empirical study aims to investigate the impacts of renewable and non-renewable energy, real income and trade openness on CO2 emissions in the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) model for the European Union over the period 1980-2012 by employing panel estimation techniques robust to cross-sectional dependence. By using the dynamic ordinary least squares estimator, we show that renewable energy and trade mitigate carbon emissions while non-renewable energy increases CO2 emissions, and the EKC hypothesis is supported. The Dumitrescu-Hurlin non-causality approach indicates that there is bidirectional causality between renewable energy and carbon emissions, and unidirectional causality running from real income to carbon emissions, from CO2 emissions to non-renewable energy, and from trade openness to CO2 emissions. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.