PubMed İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12573/397

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Citation - WoS: 35
Citation - Scopus: 39
Advances in Micelle-Based Drug Delivery: Cross-Linked Systems
(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2017) Isoglu, Ismail Alper; Ozsoy, Yildiz; Isoglu, Sevil Dincer
There are several barriers that drug molecules encounter in body beginning from kidney filtration and reticulo-endothelial system (RES) clearance to cellular trafficking. Multifunctional nanocarriers have a great potential for the delivery of drugs by enhancing therapeutic activity of existing methodologies. A variety of nanocarriers are constructed by different material types, which have unique physicochemical properties for drug delivery applications. Micelles formed by amphiphilic polymers are one of the most important drug/nanocarrier formulation products, in which the core part is suitable for encapsulation of hydrophobic agent whereas the outer shell can be utilized for targeting the drug to the disease area. Micelles as self-assembled nanostructures may encounter difficulties in biodistribution of encapsulated drugs because they have a tendency to be dissociated in dilution or high ionic strength. Therefore, therapeutic efficiency is decreased and it requires high amount of drug to be administered to achieve more efficient result. To overcome this problem, covalently stabilized structures produced by cross-linking in core or shell part, which can prevent the micelle dissociation and regulate drug release, have been proposed. These systems can be designed as responsive systems in which cross-links are degradable or hydrolysable under specific conditions such as low pH or reductive environment. These are enhancing characteristics in drug delivery because their cleavage allows the release of bioactive agent encapsulated in the carrier at a certain site or time. This review describes the chemical methodologies for the preparation of cross-linked micelles, and reports an update of latest studies in literature.
Citation - WoS: 420
Citation - Scopus: 470
Cell Proliferation and Cytotoxicity Assays
(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2016) Adan, Aysun; Kiraz, Yagmur; Baran, Yusuf
Cell viability is defined as the number of healthy cells in a sample and proliferation of cells is a vital indicator for understanding the mechanisms in action of certain genes, proteins and pathways involved cell survival or death after exposing to toxic agents. Generally, methods used to determine viability are also common for the detection of cell proliferation. Cell cytotoxicity and proliferation assays are generally used for drug screening to detect whether the test molecules have effects on cell proliferation or display direct cytotoxic effects. Regardless of the type of cell-based assay being used, it is important to know how many viable cells are remaining at the end of the experiment. There are a variety of assay methods based on various cell functions such as enzyme activity, cell membrane permeability, cell adherence, ATP production, co-enzyme production, and nucleotide uptake activity. These methods could be basically classified into different categories: (I) dye exclusion methods such as trypan blue dye exclusion assay, (II) methods based on metabolic activity, (III) ATP assay, (IV) sulforhodamine B assay, (V) protease viability marker assay, (VI) clonogenic cell survival assay, (VII) DNA synthesis cell proliferation assays and (V) raman micro-spectroscopy. In order to choose the optimal viability assay, the cell type, applied culture conditions, and the specific questions being asked should be considered in detail. This particular review aims to provide an overview of common cell proliferation and cytotoxicity assays together with their own advantages and disadvantages, their methodologies, comparisons and intended purposes.

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