Browsing by Author "Alrifai, Wardishan Kassem"

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Citation - Scopus: 1
Green Magnetic Nanoparticles: Recent Advancements in Synthesis and Characterization
(Elsevier, 2024) Alrifai, Wardishan Kassem; Dadi, Seyma; Öçsoy, Ismail
Various types of nanoparticles (NPs) have been used in numerous scientific and industrial fields. Specifically, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have drawn great attention in the last two decades concerning their synthesis, development, functionality, and relevant applications in a variety of areas including data storage, wastewater treatment, catalysis, bio-separation, and medicine. Several strategies have been developed to synthesize MNPs with various shapes, sizes, and compositions. The magnetization performance of MNPs is directly dependent on their high size, size distribution, composition, and crystallinity of the NP. The highly crystalline, monodisperse, and uniform MNPs called “high-quality MNPs” with unique magnetic properties have been synthesized by chemical synthesis method in the presence of hydrophobic surfactant (long hydrocarbon chain) and nonpolar solvents at high temperatures; however, these MNPs are toxic, insoluble in water and lack of use in all bio-related applications. To use these MNPs in biological applications, it is mandatory to apply a ligand exchange process to remove hydrophilic ligands and make MNPs soluble and stable in aqueous solutions. To address these issues, green synthesis methods using biomolecules, plant extracts, and microorganisms have been developed for the synthesis of biocompatible MNPs. This chapter aims to display recent developments in the synthesis of MNPs with green synthesis methods and in their characterization. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Citation - Scopus: 1
Green Magnetic Nanoparticles in Enzyme Immobilization
(Elsevier, 2024) Dadi, Seyma; Alrifai, Wardishan Kassem; Öçsoy, Ismail
Enzymes as highly efficient biocatalysts are widely used in various biotechnological sectors including cosmetic, textile, food, and detergent. However, their practical applications can be hampered due to high expense and challenges in the extraction, separation, and purification steps. Additionally, enzymes have limited activity and stability at high temperature and different pH values. Aiming to overcome these challenges, various nanoparticles (NPs) have been used as supporting matrices and carriers for enzyme immobilization. Among the NPs, in recent years, green magnetic nanoparticles (GMNPs) have attracted great attention as ideal support material for enzyme immobilization owing to their exceptional properties, such as their easy preparation, low toxicity, biocompatibility, and lower diffusion limitation. These properties enable the immobilized enzymes on GMNPs to be used in many different applications. This chapter aims to summarize the recent developments about enzyme immobilization on magnetic nanoparticles and GMNPs and their practical applications. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.