Sürdürülebilir Beton için İlave Bağlayıcı Malzeme Olarak Kalsine Killer
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2019, 2019
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Abdullah Gül Üniversitesi
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Abstract
Betonda bağlayıcı olarak kullanılan Portland çimentosu dünya genelinde CO2 salınımında önemli bir paya sahiptir. Bunun için çimento ile belli miktarlarda ikame edilecek ilave bağlayıcı malzemeler kullanılmaktadır. Uçucu kül, silis dumanı ve cüruf gibi endüstriyel yan ürünlerin ilave bağlayıcı malzeme olarak kullanımı avantajlı gözükmektedir. Ancak, yerel ölçekte iyi kalitede yan ürünlerin bulunmaması, bu malzemelerin alternatifini bulmak konusunda arayışa sebep olmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'de iki farklı rezervden temin edilen kil örneklerini kalsinasyon sonrası ilave bağlayıcı malzeme olarak kullanımları açısından değerlendirmektir. Kil örneklerinin kimyasal, mineralojik ve termal karakterizasyonları çeşitli sıcaklıklarda kalsinasyon öncesi ve sonrasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kil numunelerinin puzolanik aktivitesi ve reaksiyon kinetiği, kireçtaşı tozu ilavesi ve kireçtaşı ilavesi olmadan, sırasıyla termal analiz ve izotermal kalorimetre ile değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca puzolanik aktivitelerine bağlı olarak seçilen kalsine killerin su ihtiyacı ve dayanım aktivite indeksi de belirlenmiştir. Görece daha yüksek miktarda kaolinit minerali içeren kilin puzolanik aktivitesinin daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. 700 ºC'de kalsine edilen killer en yüksek puzolanik ve dayanım aktivitesini gösterirken 1100 ºC gibi bir kalsinasyon sıcaklığı nispeten daha düşük bir aktivite ile sonuçlanmıştır. Kireçtaşı ilavesi, puzolanik aktiviteyi ve hidratasyon sırasında ısı çıkarımını iyileştirmiştir. BET yüzey alanı arttıkça kalsine killerin su ihtiyacı da artmıştır.
The Portland cement, which is used as a binder material in concrete, has an important share for CO2 emission worldwide. For this purpose, supplementary cementing materials are used to be substituted with Portland cement in specific amounts. The usage of industrial by-products such as fly ash, silica fume, and slag as supplementary cementing materials seems advantageous. However, potential in availability of good quality by-products in a local scale have led to the search for feasible alternatives to these materials. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clay samples obtained from two different deposits in Turkey after calcination in terms of their use as supplementary cementing material. Chemical, mineralogical and thermal characterization of clay samples were made before and after calcination at various temperatures. Pozzolanic activity and reaction kinetics of the clay samples were evaluated with and without limestone addition by thermal analysis and isothermal calorimetry, respectively. Water requirement and strength activity index of calcined clays selected depending on their pozzolanic activity were also determined. The pozzolanic activity of clay containing a relatively higher amount of kaolinite mineral was determined to be higher. Clays calcined at 700 ºC showed the highest pozzolanic and strength activity whereas a calcination temperature of 1100 ºC results in a relatively lower activity. The limestone addition improved the pozzolanic activity, and the heat evolution during hydration. As BET surface area increased, the water requirement for calcined clay also increased.
The Portland cement, which is used as a binder material in concrete, has an important share for CO2 emission worldwide. For this purpose, supplementary cementing materials are used to be substituted with Portland cement in specific amounts. The usage of industrial by-products such as fly ash, silica fume, and slag as supplementary cementing materials seems advantageous. However, potential in availability of good quality by-products in a local scale have led to the search for feasible alternatives to these materials. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clay samples obtained from two different deposits in Turkey after calcination in terms of their use as supplementary cementing material. Chemical, mineralogical and thermal characterization of clay samples were made before and after calcination at various temperatures. Pozzolanic activity and reaction kinetics of the clay samples were evaluated with and without limestone addition by thermal analysis and isothermal calorimetry, respectively. Water requirement and strength activity index of calcined clays selected depending on their pozzolanic activity were also determined. The pozzolanic activity of clay containing a relatively higher amount of kaolinite mineral was determined to be higher. Clays calcined at 700 ºC showed the highest pozzolanic and strength activity whereas a calcination temperature of 1100 ºC results in a relatively lower activity. The limestone addition improved the pozzolanic activity, and the heat evolution during hydration. As BET surface area increased, the water requirement for calcined clay also increased.
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Civil Engineering, Portland Cement, İnşaat Mühendisliği, Portland Çimentosu
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Sustainable Development Goals
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