Multipl Skleroz ve Bilişsel Bozuklukta Çok Hedefli Farmasötik İlaçları Test Etmek için Beyin Organoidi Modelinin Geliştirilmesi ve Beyin Organoidi Oluşturulması için Alternatif Ekstraselüler Matrisin İncelenmesi
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2025
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Beyin organoidleri, immün aracılı nörodejeneratif hastalıkların modellenmesi için değerli bir platform sunar. Merkezi sinir sistemini hedef alan otoimmünite, nöroenflamasyon ve demiyelinizasyon ile karakterize edilen multipl skleroz (MS), güçlü in vitro modellerden ve etkili tedavi seçeneklerinden yoksundur. Bu eksiklikleri gidermek amacıyla, ticari ekstraselüler matriks (Matrigel) ve metakrilatlı jelatin (JelMA) kullanılarak MS modellenmiş beyin organoidleri oluşturulmuş; LPS uygulaması ile MS patolojisi indüklenmiş ve fingolimod türevleri terapötik potansiyelleri açısından incelenmiştir. Bulgular ışık ve immünofloresan mikroskobu, Raman spektroskopisi, qRT-PCR ve ELISA ile analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, JelMA'nın, farklı hücre organizasyonları sergilemesine rağmen, astrositler, nöral projenitör hücreler ve olgun nöronlar gibi çeşitli nöron tiplerine sahip beyin organoidleri oluşturmakta Matrigel kadar etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. LPS ile MS modeli başarıyla indüklenmiş; bu da miyelinleşmede azalma (CNPaz'da 2,4 kat) ve inflamasyonda artış (IBA1'de 1,7 kat, GFAP'ta 1,6 kat, NF-κB'de 4,4 kat ve IL-6'da 6,7 kat) ile sonuçlanmıştır. Test edilen bileşiklerden en az biri, ST-1505, miyelinleşmeyi artırdığı (MBP'de 2,9 kat), inflamasyonu azalttığı (GFAP'ta 2,6 kat, TNF-α'da 4 kat, FOXP3'te 2,3 kat, CSF-1'de 2,5 kat) ve bilişsel bozulma ile ilişkili belirteçlerini düşürdüğü (TAU, 1,9 kat) için umut verici bir ilaç adayı olarak öne çıkmıştır.
Brain organoids offer a valuable platform for modeling immune-mediated neurodegenerative disorders. Multiple sclerosis (MS), characterized by CNS-targeted autoimmunity, neuroinflammation, and demyelination, lacks robust in vitro models and effective therapies. To address this, MS-modelled brain organoids were developed using commercial extracellular matrix (Matrigel) and GelMA; LPS treatment induced MS pathology, and fingolimod derivatives were evaluated for therapeutic potential on the organoids. The results were analyzed by light microscopy, immunofluorescent microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, qRT-PCR, and ELISA. It was found that GelMA is effective as Matrigel to generate brain organoids with diverse neuron types (astrocytes, neural progenitor cells, mature neurons) but different spatially organized cell population, MS can be modelled with LPS induction, causing decreased myelination (2.4-fold in CNPase expression) and increased inflammation (1.7-fold in IBA1, 1.6-fold for GFAP, 4.4-fold NF-κB and 6.7-fold for IL-6 expression) on brain organoids, and at least one of the compounds, ST-1505 would be a promising drug candidate because it increases myelination (2.9-fold MBP expression), decreases the inflammation (2.6-fold GFAP, 4-fold TNF-α, 2.3-fold FOXP3, 2.5-fold CSF-1 expression) and decreases the expression of cognitive impairment related markers (1.9-fold TAU expression).
Brain organoids offer a valuable platform for modeling immune-mediated neurodegenerative disorders. Multiple sclerosis (MS), characterized by CNS-targeted autoimmunity, neuroinflammation, and demyelination, lacks robust in vitro models and effective therapies. To address this, MS-modelled brain organoids were developed using commercial extracellular matrix (Matrigel) and GelMA; LPS treatment induced MS pathology, and fingolimod derivatives were evaluated for therapeutic potential on the organoids. The results were analyzed by light microscopy, immunofluorescent microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, qRT-PCR, and ELISA. It was found that GelMA is effective as Matrigel to generate brain organoids with diverse neuron types (astrocytes, neural progenitor cells, mature neurons) but different spatially organized cell population, MS can be modelled with LPS induction, causing decreased myelination (2.4-fold in CNPase expression) and increased inflammation (1.7-fold in IBA1, 1.6-fold for GFAP, 4.4-fold NF-κB and 6.7-fold for IL-6 expression) on brain organoids, and at least one of the compounds, ST-1505 would be a promising drug candidate because it increases myelination (2.9-fold MBP expression), decreases the inflammation (2.6-fold GFAP, 4-fold TNF-α, 2.3-fold FOXP3, 2.5-fold CSF-1 expression) and decreases the expression of cognitive impairment related markers (1.9-fold TAU expression).
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Biyoloji, Biyomühendislik, Biyoteknoloji, Biology, Bioengineering, Biotechnology
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