WoS İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12573/394
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Article Citation - WoS: 63Citation - Scopus: 63Highly Efficient Deep-Blue Electroluminescence Based on a Solution-Processable A-Π Oligo(p-Phenyleneethynylene) Small Molecule(Amer Chemical Soc, 2019-10-14) Usta, Hakan; Alimli, Dilek; Ozdemir, Resul; Dabak, Salih; Zorlu, Yunus; Alkan, Fahri; Can, AyseThe development of solution-processable fluorescent small molecules with highly efficient deep-blue electroluminescence is of growing interest for organic light-emitting diode (OLED) applications. However, high-performance deep-blue fluorescent emitters with external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) over 5% are still scarce in OLEDs. Herein, a novel highly soluble oligo(p-phenyleneethynylene)-based small molecule, 1,4-bis((2-cyanophenyl)ethynyl)-2,5-bis(2-ethylhexyloxy)benzene (2EHO-CNPE), is designed, synthesized, and fully characterized as a wide band gap (2.98 eV) and highly fluorescent (Phi(PL) = 0.90 (solution) and 0.51 (solid-state)) deep-blue emitter. The new molecule is functionalized with cyano (-CN)/2-ethylhexyloxy (-OCH2CH(C2H5)C4H9) electron-withdrawing/-donating substituents, and ethynylene is used as a pi-spacer to form an acceptor (A)-pi-donor (D)-pi-acceptor (A) molecular architecture with hybridized local and charge transfer (HLCT) excited states. Physicochemical and optoelectronic characterizations of the new emitter were performed in detail, and the single-crystal structure was determined. The new molecule adopts a nearly coplanar pi-conjugated framework packed via intermolecular "C-H center dot center dot center dot pi" and "C-H center dot center dot center dot N" hydrogen bonding interactions without any pi-pi stacking. The OLED device based on 2EHO-CNPE shows an EQE(max) of 7.06% (EQE = 6.30% at 200 cd/m(2)) and a maximum current efficiency (CEmax) of 5.91 cd/A (CE = 5.34 cd/A at 200 cd/m(2)) with a deep-blue emission at CIE of (0.15, 0.09). The electroluminescence performances achieved here are among the highest reported to date for a solution-processed deep-blue fluorescent small molecule, and, to the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that a deep-blue OLED is reported based on the oligo(p-phenyleneethynylene) pi-framework. TDDFT calculations point to facile reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) processes in 2EHO-CNPE from high-lying triplet states to the first singlet excited state (T-2/T-3 -> S-1) (hot-exciton channels) that enable a high radiative exciton yield (eta(r) similar to 69%) breaking the theoretical limit of 25% in conventional fluorescent OLEDs. These results demonstrate that properly designed fluorescent oligo(p-phenyleneethynylenes) can be a key player in high-performance deep-blue OLEDs.Article Citation - WoS: 12Citation - Scopus: 12External Complexation of Bodipys by Cb[7] Improves In-Cell Fluorescence Imaging(Royal Soc Chemistry, 2022) Ayhan, Mehmet Menaf; Ozcan, Emrah; Alkan, Fahri; Cetin, Metin; Un, Ilker; Bardelang, David; Cosut, BonyeminOrganic luminescent compounds with high emission properties play a crucial role in fluorescence labelling and optoelectronic devices. In this work, we prepared three water soluble BODIPY derivatives (B-4, B-5, and B-6) which are weakly fluorescent due to non-radiative relaxation pathways (charge transfer: CT or heavy atom effect). However, CB[7] significantly improves BODIPY fluorescence by similar to 10 fold for B-4, and by similar to 3 fold for B-5. The (TD)DFT analyses suggest that for B-4 and B-5, the CT state is blue-shifted as a result of the external binding of CB[7] near the pyridinium groups. This effect favoured a radiative decay through a locally-excited (LE) pi ->pi* transition state of BODIPYs resulting in a CB[7]-induced emission increase in solution (and in the solid state), without compromising singlet-to-triplet intersystem crossing (ISC). The improved emission of the BODIPY center dot CB[7] complexes was used for the fluorescence imaging of U87 cells illustrating the relevance of this approach. These results suggest that BODIPY center dot CB[7] complexes could be used as theragnostic agents by combining fluorescence imaging and treatment by photodynamic therapy.Article Citation - WoS: 53Citation - Scopus: 55Dicarboxylic Acids Induced Tandem Transformation of Silver Nanocluster(Amer Chemical Soc, 2023-08-30) Wang, Zhi; Gupta, Rakesh Kumar; Alkan, Fahri; Han, Bao-Liang; Feng, Lei; Huang, Xian-Qiang; Sun, DiStructural transformation of metal nanoclusters (NCs) is of great ongoing interest regarding their synthesis, stability, and reactivity. Although sporadic examples of cluster transformations have been reported, neither the underlying transformation mechanism nor the intermediates are unambiguous. Herein, we have synthesized a flexible 54-nuclei silver cluster (Ag54) by combining soft ((BuC)-Bu-t=C-) and hard ((PrCOO-)-Pr-n) ligands. The existence of weakly coordinated nPrCOO(-) enhances the reactivity of Ag54, thus facilitating the dicarboxylic acid to induce structural transformation. X-ray structural analyses reveal that Ag54 transforms to Ag-28 cluster-based 2D networks (Ag28a and Ag28b) induced by H(2)suc (succinic acid) and H(2)glu (glutaric acid), whereas with H(2)pda (2,2'-(1,2-phenylene)diacetic acid), a discrete Ag-28 cluster (Ag28c) is isolated. The key intermediate Ag17 that emerges during the self-dissociation of Ag54 was isolated by using cryogenic recrystallization and characterized by X-ray crystallography. The "tandem transformation" mechanism for the structure evolution from Ag54 to Ag28a is established by time-dependent electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESIMS) and UV-vis spectroscopy. In addition, the catalytic activity in the 4-nitrophenol reduction follows the sequence Ag28c > Ag28b > Ag28a > Ag54 due to more bare silver sites on the surface of the Ag-28 cluster unit. Our findings not only open new avenues to the synthesis of silver NCs but also shed light on a better understanding of the structural transformation mechanism from one cluster to another or cluster-based metal-organic networks induced by dicarboxylates.Article Citation - WoS: 59Citation - Scopus: 54Atomically Precise Gold Nanoclusters at the Molecular-to Transition With Intrinsic Chirality From Surface Layers(Nature Portfolio, 2023-04-26) Liu, Li-Juan; Alkan, Fahri; Zhuang, Shengli; Liu, Dongyi; Nawaz, Tehseen; Guo, Jun; He, JianChiral metal nanoclusters prepared from achiral ligands generally contain chiral kernel structures. Here, the authors report an alternative type of gold nanoclusters whose intrinsic chirality arises solely from the arrangement of the organic components on their surface. The advances in determining the total structure of atomically precise metal nanoclusters have prompted extensive exploration into the origins of chirality in nanoscale systems. While chirality is generally transferrable from the surface layer to the metal-ligand interface and kernel, we present here an alternative type of gold nanoclusters (138 gold core atoms with 48 2,4-dimethylbenzenethiolate surface ligands) whose inner structures are not asymmetrically induced by chiral patterns of the outermost aromatic substituents. This phenomenon can be explained by the highly dynamic behaviors of aromatic rings in the thiolates assembled via pi - pi stacking and C - H center dot center dot center dot pi interactions. In addition to being a thiolate-protected nanocluster with uncoordinated surface gold atoms, the reported Au-138 motif expands the size range of gold nanoclusters having both molecular and metallic properties. Our current work introduces an important class of nanoclusters with intrinsic chirality from surface layers rather than inner structures and will aid in elucidating the transition of gold nanoclusters from their molecular to metallic states.Article Citation - WoS: 70Citation - Scopus: 71An Ultrastable 155-Nuclei Silver Nanocluster Protected by Thiacalix[4]Arene and Cyclohexanethiol for Photothermal Conversion(Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2022-06-15) Wang, Zhi; Alkan, Fahri; Aikens, Christine M.; Kurmoo, Mohamedally; Zhang, Zhen-Yi; Song, Ke-Peng; Sun, DiThiacalix[4]arenes have emerged as a family of macrocyclic ligands to protect metal nanoparticles, but it remains a great challenge to solve the mystery of their structures at the atomic level, especially for those larger than 2 nm. Here, we report the largest known mixed-valence silver nanocluster [Ag-155(CyS)(40)(TC4A)(5)Cl-2] (Ag155) protected by deprotonated cyclohexanethiol (CySH) and macrocyclic ligand p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene (H(4)TC4A). Its single-crystal structure consists of a metallic core of four concentric shells, Ag-13@Ag-42@Ag-30@Ag-70, lined with a organic skin of 40CyS(-) and 5TC4A(4-) and 2Cl(-). Ag155 manifests an unusual pseudo-5-fold symmetry dictated by the intrinsic metal atom packing and the regioselective distribution of mixed protective ligands. This work not only reveals a macrocyclic ligand effect on the formation of a large silver nanocluster, but also provides a new structural archetype for comprehensively perceiving their interface and metal kernel structures.Article Citation - WoS: 33Citation - Scopus: 34A Hybridized Local and Charge Transfer Excited State for Solution-Processed Non-Doped Green Electroluminescence Based on Oligo(p-Phenyleneethynylene)(Royal Soc Chemistry, 2020) Usta, Hakan; Alimli, Dilek; Ozdemir, Resul; Tekin, Emine; Alkan, Fahri; Kacar, Rifat; Can, AyseWe herein report a new highly efficient green emissive hot-exciton molecule, 1,4-bis((4'-diphenylamino3-cyano-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)ethynyl)-2,5-bis(2-ethylhexyloxy)benzene (2EHO-TPA-CNPE) that consists of an extended D'-pi'-A-pi-D-pi-A-pi'-D' molecular p-system with diphenylamino end units (D') and ethynylene/phenylene spacers (pi/pi'). The new molecule exhibits high photoluminescence (PL) quantum efficiencies (Phi(PL) = 0.95 (solution) and 0.45 (spin-coated neat thin-film)), and a strong PL solvatochromic behavior revealing significant changes in excited state energies/characteristics (locally excited (LE) -> hybridized local and charge transfer (HLCT) - charge-transfer (CT)) depending on solvent polarity. Highly efficient (radiative exciton yield (eta(r)) = 50-59% >> 25%) green-emitting OLEDs were fabricated in a conventional device architecture by employing (non-)doped thin-films reaching a maximum current efficiency (CEmax) of 12.0 cd A(-1) and a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE(max)) of 5.5%. The emission profile of the non-doped OLED has CIE 1976 (u', v') chromaticity coordinates of (0.10, 0.55) corresponding to a night vision imaging system (NVIS) compatible Green A region. 2EHO-TPA-CNPE-based OLED devices of industrial relevance were also fabricated by ink-jet printing the emissive layer and by fabricating an inverted architecture, which possessed respectable device performances of 2.4-6.1 cd A(-1). The solid-state solvation effect in OLED devices yields HLCT electronic behavior resulting in high Zr's, which is confirmed by TDDFT to originate from energetically/spatially favorable reverse intersystem crossings (RISCs) (T-2/3 -> S-1). As a unique observation, delayed fluorescence due to this RISC was evident in the PL decay lifetime measurement with a ns-scale lifetime of similar to 10 ns. These results clearly allow a better understanding of the structure-photophysical property-electroluminescence relationships in this new class of oligo(p-phenyleneethynylene)-based hot-exciton molecules, and it could open up new opportunities for high-performance solution-processed optoelectronic/sensing applications.