Browsing by Author "Mutlu-Bayraktar, Duygu"

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Citation - WoS: 7
Citation - Scopus: 9
Split-Attention Effects in Multimedia Learning Environments: Eye-Tracking and EEG Analysis
(Springer, 2022) Mutlu-Bayraktar, Duygu; Ozel, Pinar; Altindis, Fatih; Yilmaz, Bulent
This study aimed to evaluate the split-attention effect in multimedia learning environments via objective measurements as EEG and eye-tracking. Two different multimedia learning environments in a focused (integrated) and split-attention (separated) format were designed. The experimental design method was used. The participants consisted of 44 students divided into two groups for focused attention and split-attention. There were significant differences between the fixation, brain wave, and retention performance of the two groups. Fixations of the split-attention group were higher than the focused attention group. A significant difference was found in the focused attention group in the alpha brain wave in the frontal region for intra-group comparisons and in the split-attention group in the beta brain wave in the frontal area for the inter-group comparison. The retention performance of the focused attention group was higher than the split-attention group. Accordingly, more cognitive activity emerged in environments where the text was not integrated into the picture. Additionally, the narration of text instead of printed text is effective for focusing attention. To prevent the emergence of a split-attention effect, the text should be integrated into the picture in designs. Due to the split-attention effect, the eye-tracking and EEG data were different between the groups.
Citation - WoS: 13
Citation - Scopus: 14
Relationship Between Objective and Subjective Cognitive Load Measurements in Multimedia Learning
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Mutlu-Bayraktar, Duygu; Ozel, Pinar; Altindis, Fatih; Yilmaz, Bulent
The aim of this study is to compare subjective and objective cognitive load measurements in a multimedia learning environment. For this purpose, 20 university students studied in multimedia environments designed by researchers during which eye movements and multichannel electroencephalography (EEG) signals were recorded. Self-report ratings were obtained at the end of the experiment, and retention performances of the students were measured. After the data were collected, Pearson Correlation analysis was applied. According to the results, significant relationship between the number of fixations and EEG frequency band powers was found. In addition, there was a negative relationship between retention performance and number of fixations. Moreover, a negative relationship was found between retention performance and self-reported measurements.