Browsing by Author "Hussaini, Shokrullah"

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Critical review on secondary zinc resources and their recycling technologies
(ELSEVIER, RADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS, 2020) Kaya, Muammer; Hussaini, Shokrullah; Kursunoglu, Sait; 0000-0002-1680-5482; 0000-0003-0287-0061; AGÜ, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Malzeme Bilimi ve Nanoteknoloji Mühendisliği Bölümü
In a race to save the earth of its rapidly depleting natural resources, the use of Secondary Raw Materials (SMRs) as alternative replacements in several processes is currently intensively pursued. The valorization of SMRs is consistent with the sustainable circular economy, where resource efficiency is maximized for the benefit of both the economy and green environment. In line with this mandate, this article focuses on investigating recent studies on secondary zinc (Zn) resources and describing state-of-art Zn recycling technologies. Globally, some of the main Zn-containing secondary raw materials are mine/concentrator/smelter tailings, wastes, slags, scraps, dust, etc. Although the pyrometallurgical process has been dominant in the secondary metal recycling processes, there has been growing interest and pressure to achieve sustainable and greener recycling methods to remediate the environmental problems caused by emissions of toxic heavy metals and sulfur oxides in the traditional smelting process. In the last decades, many sustainable and environmentally friendly novel hydrometallurgical processes for Zn extraction were developed to overcome tougher legislation and meet cost competitiveness. Secondary Zn recycling focuses on the development of selective Zn-rich but Pb, Fe, As-lean recovery processes.
Pb-Zn recovery from a malic leach solution of a carbonate type ore flotation tailing by precipitation and solvent extraction
(ELSEVIERRADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS, 2021) Hussaini, Shokrullah; Tita, Angela Manka; Kursunoglu, Sait; Top, Soner; Ichlas, Zela Tanlega; Kar, Umut; Kaya, Muammer; 0000-0002-1680-5482; 0000-0003-3486-4184; AGÜ, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Malzeme Bilimi ve Nanoteknoloji Mühendisliği Bölümü; Kursunoglu, Sait; Top, Soner
The recovery of zinc and lead from a malic leach solution of a carbonate type ore flotation tailing by precipitation with sulfuric acid followed by solvent extraction using di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as extractant was investigated. The separation of lead via precipitation was essentially complete from the malic acid leach solution by adding sulphuric acid to reach a pH of 0.25 at 25 degrees C. The precipitate product was identified by XRD as anglesite (PbSO4). The pregnant leach solution after lead precipitation was then subjected to solvent extraction using D2EHPA. The optimum solvent extraction conditions were determined as 10% D2EHPA concentration, 25 degrees C temperature, 10 min contact time and phase ratio of unity. Under these conditions, 99.3% of zinc was extracted into the organic phase at a pH of 4.2 in a single contact alongside a substantial amount of Ca (76.6%), and minor amounts of Fe (19.2%) and Mg (18%). Complete stripping of zinc and calcium from the loaded organic solution along with 47.8% of Mg was achieved at a pH 0.5 under room temperature. No iron stripping was observed from the loaded organic. The zinc content in the loaded strip solution could be enriched and then sent to the electrowinning (EW) stage. It is noted that the calcium and magnesium impurities in the loaded strip solution had no adverse effect on the zinc EW process. Based on the experimental results, a flowsheet was proposed for the recovery of Pb and Zn from the malic acid leach solution. With the proposed precipitation and solvent extraction process, two different material streams are produced.
Production of mixed rare earth oxide powder from a thorium containing complex Bastnasite ore
(ELSEVIERRADARWEG 29, 1043 NX AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS, 2021) Kursunoglu, Sait; Hussaini, Shokrullah; Top, Soner; Ichlas, Zela Tanlega; Gokcen, Hasan Serkan; Ozsarac, Safak; Kaya, Muammer; 0000-0002-1680-5482; 0000-0003-3486-4184; AGÜ, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Malzeme Bilimi ve Nanoteknoloji Mühendisliği Bölümü; Kursunoglu, Sait; Top, Soner
The production of mixed rare earth oxide powder from a thorium containing bastnasite ore by sulfuric acid bake water leaching followed by precipitation with oxalic acid and thermal decomposition of the oxalates was investigated. The sulfuric acid baking was performed at 250 degrees C and the optimum baking time was found to be 3 h. Using deionized water as lixiviant, 92.6% La, 86.8% Ce, 86.9% Pr, 82.3% Nd, 95.4% Th and 31% Y were dissolved from the baked ore at 25 degrees C after 30 min of leaching. The effect of solid-to-liquid ratio on the dissolution of the rare earth elements and thorium shows that when the solid ratio in the water increased from 1:10 to 1:3, the dissolution percentage decreased. The final mixed rare earth oxide powder contained 88.54% REO and 6% ThO20 together with small amounts of other impurities. The SEM mapping results revealed that the produced REO has an irregular crystal shape. Based on the experimental results obtained from the current study, a flowsheet was proposed for the production of mixed rare earth oxide powder from a specific complex bastnasite ore. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Recovery of Lead and Zinc from a Citric Leach Solution of a Non-sulfide Type Ore Flotation Tailing via Precipitation Followed by Solvent Extraction
(SPRINGER, 2023) Hussaini, Shokrullah; Tita, Angela Manka; Kursunoglu, Sait; Top, Soner; Kaya, Muammer; 0000-0003-3486-4184; AGÜ, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Malzeme Bilimi ve Nanoteknoloji Mühendisliği Bölümü; Top, Soner
The recovery of zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb) from a citric leach solution of a non-sulfide type ore flotation tailing was examined utilizing sulfuric acid precipitation followed by solvent extraction using di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as the extractant. Following lead precipitation (98.9%) with sulfuric acid, the pregnant leach solution was sent to solvent extraction stage with D2EHPA for the separation of zinc from the other impurities such as Ca, Mg and Fe. The best solvent extraction conditions were determined to be a concentration of 20% D2EHPA, temperature of 25 °C, contact time of 10 min and phase ratio of unity. Under the optimum conditions, 98.3% Zn was extracted into the organic phase in a single contact at a pH of 3.6, along with a significant amount of Ca (79%) and minor amounts of Mg (14.7%) and Fe (8.6%). At pH 4.5, the loaded organic solution was carried to the scrubbing stage, where 20 g/L zinc solution was used to remove approximately 91% Ca and 34% Mg from the organic solution. At a pH of 0.25, the loaded organic solution was almost completely stripped of zinc and 27% of calcium in two steps.
Selection of an appropriate acid type for the recovery of zinc from a flotation tailing by the analytic hierarchy process
(ELSEVIER SCI LTDTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND, 2021) Kursunoglu, Sait; Kursunoglu, Nilufer; Hussaini, Shokrullah; Kaya, Muammer; 0000-0003-1765-9015; AGÜ, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Malzeme Bilimi ve Nanoteknoloji Mühendisliği Bölümü; Kursunoglu, Sait
The selection of acid type for metal dissolution from minerals is an important issue in leaching operations. Acids are used to recover valuable elements from the minerals by dissolving them in a solution. The acid must offer a high recovery at marginal cost and a low environmental effect. Many parameters can affect the acid type selection for high leaching recovery and low environmental effect and thus, the selection of an acid type is complex. In this study, based on the experimental results obtained from the bench-scale laboratory studies, the selection of acid type for the recovery of zinc from a flotation tailing was investigated using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The utilization of AHP was supported by the use of ExpertChoice (R) 2000 software. The outcomes demonstrated that sulfuric acid is the most desirable acid type with a ranking of 0.541, tracked by citric acid, and oxalic acid with scoring of 0.282 and 0.177, respectively. Furthermore, analyses of sensitivity were performed to examine the influence of the main criteria on the different acid type. It emerged that citric acid can be used when the environmental main criterion ascended from 7.8% to 75.3%. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Selective leaching of a mixed nickel-cobalt hydroxide precipitate in sulphuric acid solution with potassium permanganate as oxidant
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA, 2020) Hussaini, Shokrullah; Ichlas, Zela Tanlega; Top, Soner; Kursunoglu, Sait; Kaya, Muammer; 0000-0003-3486-4184; 0000-0002-1680-5482; 0000-0003-0287-0061; 0000-0003-2550-5948; AGÜ, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Malzeme Bilimi ve Nanoteknoloji Mühendisliği Bölümü
Selective leaching of a mixed nickel-cobalt hydroxide precipitate was investigated using potassium permanganate as oxidant in sulfuric acid solution. 94.9% Ni, 50% Co and 0.6% Mn were dissolved under the following conditions: sulfuric acid concentration of 0.75 M, potassium permanganate of 5 g/L, temperature of 30 degrees C, leaching duration of 60 min, solid-to-liquid ratio of 1/10, and stirring speed of 400rpm. The pregnant leach solution was subjected to a solvent extraction process. 98% Co and 99% Mn were extracted at pH 4.84 with 30% (v/v) Cyanex 272, leaving essentially all nickel in the raffinate. Based on the experimental results, a flowsheet is proposed.
Testing of 17-different leaching agents for the recovery of zinc from a carbonate-type Pb-Zn ore flotation tailing
(PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTDTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND, 2021) Hussaini, Shokrullah; Kursunoglu, Sait; Top, Soner; Ichlas, Zela Tanlega; Kaya, Muammer; 0000-0002-1680-5482; 0000-0003-3486-4184; AGÜ, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Malzeme Bilimi ve Nanoteknoloji Mühendisliği Bölümü; Kursunoglu, Sait; Top, Soner
The recovery of zinc from a flotation tailing using 17-different leaching agents, including inorganic and organic acids, alkaline solutions and chelating agents, was investigated. The effects of the lixiviant type, acid concentration, leaching temperature, leaching time, and solid-to-liquid ratio on the metals dissolution were studied. The use of sulfuric acid resulted in 91% of zinc extraction with a high selectivity against lead. The major impurities of lead, iron, calcium and arsenic precipitated during the leaching process as a segnisite, beudantite, gypsum, and goethite in this lixiviant. It was seen that the addition of oxidants in sulfuric acid solution slightly increased zinc dissolution. The citric acid dissolved 90.1% of zinc along with 9.1% lead. 90% of zinc dissolution was achieved by using malic acid, and high selectivity between zinc and lead dissolutions was also observed. The citric and malic acid leach residues contained a substantial amount of segnitite, beudantite, and quartz as the major phases. In term of zinc and lead dissolution selectivity, the best inorganic agents were determined in the following order: sulfuric acid > hydrochloric acid > perchloric acid > nitric acid. With organic agents, the best zinc and lead selectivity was achieved in the following order: sulfosalicylic acid > citric acid > malic acid > formic acid > tartaric acid > ascorbic acid. The best simultaneous zinc and lead dissolutions were achieved using sodium hydroxide agent. Using 5 M sodium hydroxide at 80 degrees C and 1/10 solid-to-liquid ratio for 180 min. leaching time, 81.4% of zinc and 47.4% of lead were dissolved while leaving a considerable amount of iron in the residue. When the ammonium chloride was used as a lixiviant, the silver and zinc were taken into the leach solution. 61.3% of zinc dissolution was obtained by using 50% ammonia as lixiviant, whereas no iron and lead dissolutions were observed. Using 0.37 M EDTA at 80 degrees C, 1/10 solid-to-liquid ratio for 180 min. leaching time, more than 90% of zinc dissolved along with a substantial amount of iron, arsenic and lead co-dissolutions. 47.4% of zinc dissolution was obtained at 80 degrees C and 1/10 solid-to-liquid ratio for 180 min. leaching time when sodium citrate was used as lixiviant, whereas less than 20% of zinc dissolved using ammonium oxalate at similar leaching condition. 39% zinc was dissolved using 3 M ammonium acetate at 80 degrees C, 1/10 solid-to-liquid ratio for 180 min., while 23.1% of zinc dissolution was achieved when the ammonium acetate was tested under similar experimental conditions. As a result, sulfuric, citric, malic, sulfosalicylic and formic acids were deemed to be the most promising leaching agents for the selective recovery of zinc from the lead-zinc flotation tailing.